LEE- Proje ve Yapım Yönetimi-Yüksek Lisans

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI

http://hdl.handle.net/11527/19432

Gözat

Konu "inşaat projeleri" ile LEE- Proje ve Yapım Yönetimi-Yüksek Lisans'a göz atma
  • Öge
    An investigation into the current status of adoption of ipd characteristics and bim in construction projects to overcome process and team-related problems
    (Graduate School, 2022-02-09) Çetin, Hakan Taha ; Sertyeşilışık, Begüm ; 502171410 ; Project and Construction Management
    Unless project teams are efficient, construction projects can encounter many problems and obstacles in the process. Project delivery systems (PDS) determine the relationships of project stakeholders and their engagement time. Traditional PDS in the construction industry (CI) are well-known with their adverse effects on the process and the team, which have become the chronic problems of the industry due to excessive use of traditional contracts. Many reasons especially technological advancements like BIM (Building Information Modeling), and demand for more reliable PDSs have led CI professionals to search for alternative and effective ways to collaborate. AIA (the American Institute of Architects) introduced the IPD (Integrated Project Delivery) to respond to the demand and need in the CI. IPD can contribute the CI by eliminating/minimizing the obstacles that prevent team integration. IPD principles have taken their place in the current practices of construction projects, with the effect of same motivations that led to the emergence of the IPD in the first place. Projects are fundamental elements for organizations to cope with competitive market conditions. Various systems, like CSFs (Critical Success Factors), have been developed to evaluate and estimate the projects' outputs appropriately. Although various CSF lists have been prepared in construction projects, the lists prepared for traditional PDSs are not compatible with the IPD because of the different characteristics of the IPD. An IPD-specific CSF list covering the BIM and IPD team aspects is needed to reveal the level of importance of the factors on achieving project success. This dissertation aims to investigate the adoption status of IPD principles in current construction projects, examine the impact of these principles on the process and team-related problems frequently encountered by the industry, and prepare the CSFs preliminary list for IPD projects. With this aim, the following objectives have been adressed: to determine the process and team related problems of the CI and examine their occurrence in construction projects; to determine the adoption of the IPD, BIM and IPD team characteristics in construction projects; and to determine the adoption of the IPD, BIM and IPD team characteristics in construction projects, respectively. With the in-depth literature review, team and process-related problems and characteristics related to IPD, BIM, and IPD teams have been examined. In line with the first two objectives, online questionnaire surveys and interviews have been conducted with IPD and BIM experts and/or academics having publications on related subjects. Furthermore, for the accomplishment of the objectives 3, 4 and 5, the 4-round and 3 group Delphi method has been performed under 3 different category as IPD, BIM, and IPD team-related factors with IPD and BIM experts and/or academics having publications on the related topic. The data obtained from the online questionnaire survey, interviews and the delphi method have been evaluated in 4 different categories based on the objectives of the research. First of all, the findings revealed that the frequency of encountering team-related problems is less frequent than process-related problems. There is strong correlation between ineffective teams and other problems. Furthermore, according to the online questionnaire survey and interviews results, it has been revealed that the adoption status of BIM-related characteristics is high, and BIM is an essential driver for the adoption and implementation of IPD. The CSFs preliminary list has been further developed based on the findings of the 4 round and 3 group delphi surveys covering the aspects of IPD, BIM, and IPD teams. The prepared list has revealed the collaboration-related characteristics of IPD, administrative issues and organizational needs for BIM implementation, and team environment among the main CSFs. The CSFs preliminary list includes the factors that can be taken into account in the adoption and implementation of IPD and BIM projects. The complete application of these factors does not mean that project success can be achieved. Although these CSFs preliminary list may contribute to the process, they cannot influence the projects' output alone as each project consists of several sources and interconnected activities that have varying levels of impact on success. Project dynamics are constantly changing with the effect of new systems. Various additions, corrections, and/or removals can be made to the list over time, taking into account the changing conditions and the needs of projects. These CSFs preliminary list can be used as a preliminary checklist for the stakeholders who plan to adopt the IPD and BIM, and for academics and researchers in the relevant field.
  • Öge
    Design-construction interface problems in construction projects
    (Graduate School, 2023-02-02) Buğan, Esra Emine ; Çakmak, Pınar ; 502191403 ; Project and Construction Management
    There is ongoing inefficiency and traditionalism in the construction industry. Throughout the development of Industry in general, the construction industry received the least positive impact. Many different management systems can be applied and developed in the construction industry like agile transformation, lean management etc. Yet the construction industry has not fully implemented any of the developments. However, it is seen that there is a lack of information on lessons learned from past experiences and mistakes. For this reason, budget, time and quality deficits have started to be given due to the increasing incompatibility of the inefficiency from the way of doing business with today's complex projects and resources. Throughout the lifecycle of the construction projects, the common aim for all participants is to achieve a "perfect" project with less cost at a minimum schedule. The biggest difficulty experienced while advancing the project process is to exhibit the right approach to the problems that arise. A real challenge emerges when deciding how to define and mitigate the causes of design-construction interface problems in the process and reduce the negative impact that is or will be reflected on the project. The thesis research aims to identify the causes of design-construction interface problems and to determine their frequency of occurrence and degree of importance. At this point, while analyzing the frequency and importance of these problems from the eyes of industry professionals; it is also important to reveal whether there is any difference in the perspectives of different professionals. In this context, to achieve the mentioned aim, the thesis research is developed in two main parts. The first part includes a comprehensive literature review to find out what are these design- construction interface problems, how they occur and how they impact the construction project life cycle. Databases are searched for in the areas where the problems are thought to originate. These main areas are stakeholders and their relationships and management, construction project phases and situations occurring at the interface of these phases, design phase and design management. At the intersection of all these areas, the problems that occur during the construction project process are listed and grouped according to the project phases in which they occur. In the second stage, a questionnaire survey is conducted with the design-construction interface problems gathered from the literature to measure the frequency of occurrence and degree of importance of these problems. The first part of the questionnaire gets general information about the respondents, the second and the third parts search for the frequency of occurrence and degree of importance of design-construction interface problems on a 5-point Likert scale, the last part has an open-ended question that aimed to get the opinions of the survey participants on the subject. The data that is obtained with the help of the questionnaire is analyzed through the SPSS program. In the first step, Cronbach's alpha reliability test is used to ensure the reliability of data. Secondly, frequency and descriptive analysis are used to get the frequency of each response. Third, the rankings of all variables are calculated using the Relative Importance Index (RII). Fourth, Skewness-Kurtosis values are evaluated to determine whether the data were normally distributed. Survey participants were divided into groups (designer, consultant and contractor); one-way ANOVA tests were applied to investigate whether there was a statistically significant difference between the groups. Finally, the variables were analyzed in one-way ANOVA test to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between stakeholders. According to the results of ANOVA tests, further post-hoc analyses were applied to the variables to show from which groups the differences came from. As a result, "PDC16 - Economic Situation" and "PC9 - Construction errors and defective work at the construction site" become the most occurred and most important problems from the consultants' point of view. "PD8 - Lack of proper coordination between various disciplines of the design team" cause is ranked as the most occurred and most important problem from the contractors' point of view. And, "PT5 - Awarding the contract to the lower bidder price regardless of the quality of service" is found as the most occurred and most important problem for the designers. "PT5 - Awarding the contract to the lower bidder price regardless of the quality of service" is ranked at the top both in the lists of designers', consultants' and contractors' . "PDC17 - Fast Track Construction" becomes critical for consultants and contractors; "PD6 - Time limitation in the design phase" and "PD9 - Unstable owner requirements" are important for contractors and designers. This thesis research identified the causes of design-construction interface problems seen in construction projects according to the project stages; and determined the frequency of occurrence and degree of importance of these problems from the perspective of different construction project professionals. To be aware of problems to detect them when necessary and to raise awareness to take the necessary action when encountered; supported by recommendations. Thus, it has been seen that, although the results vary for each stakeholder, it has been determined that there are similar points. The findings of this thesis research can help construction project professionals by providing an understanding of the design-construction interface primary problems. By having knowledge of the main problems and their impacts, participants can take precautions, make effort to minimize their impacts, and after all make a significant contribution to the successful completion of construction projects.
  • Öge
    Yap-işlet-devret modeli inşaat projelerinde eş zamanlı gecikmeler: Türkiye'den bir vaka analizi
    (Graduate School, 2024-06-11) Çolak, Çağdaş ; Çakmak, Fatma Pınar ; 502141405 ; Proje ve Yapım Yönetimi
    Bu tez çalışmasında, yap-işlet-devret modeli ile gerçekleştirilen inşaat projelerinde meydana gelen eş zamanlı gecikmelerin irdelenerek; bu gecikmelerden doğan hak taleplerinin değerlendirilmesine yönelik gecikme analizi yöntemlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, yap-işlet-devret modeli ile yürütülen bir inşaat projesindeki eş zamanlı gecikmelerin durumu incelenmiş ve söz konusu gecikmelerden doğan hak taleplerine ilişkin sözleşme ve/veya şartnamelerde bulunması fayda sağlayacak analiz yöntemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Söz konusu gecikme analizi yöntemlerinin ne gibi avantajları ve dezavantajları olduğu tartışılarak, eş zamanlı gecikmelerde kullanılabilirlikleri irdelenmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında, örnek bir yap-işlet-devret modeli ile yürütülen bir projede meydana gelen gecikmeler, sebeplerine ve türlerine göre sınıflandırılarak haftalık iş programı güncellemeleri ile etkileri belirlenmiştir. Gecikme türleri sayesinde sorumlular netleştirilmiş ve gecikmeden doğan hak taleplerinin değerlendirilmesi sonucu varılacak sonuçlar tespit edilmiştir. Belirtilen gecikme analizlerinin hangi koşullarda kullanılacağının ve oluşacak veriler sonucunda nasıl bir karar verileceğinin sözleşme ve/veya şartnamelerde yer alması durumunda, olası bir anlaşmazlık konusu engellenebilecek ve projenin belirlenen hedefler doğrultusunda başarıya ulaşması konusunda önemli bir çözüm sağlanabilecektir. Tezin ilk bölümü olan giriş bölümünde; tezin kapsamına, yöntemine ve amacına yer verilmiştir. Tez kapsamında yapılan çalışmalar aktarılmış ve bu çalışmalar doğrultusunda tezin amacına değinilmiştir. Tezin ikinci bölümünde, proje teslim yöntemlerinin türleri ve bu türlerin açıklamalarına yer verilmiştir. Detaylı bir şekilde proje teslim yöntemlerinin avantajları ve dezavantajları aktarılmış olup paydaş ilişkileri ve süreçler hakkında bilgilere değinilmiştir. Proje teslim yöntemlerinin detaylarının yanı sıra, bu teslim türlerinden biri olan ve tasarım-yapım proje teslim yöntemi baz alınarak geliştirilen kamu özel ortaklığı modelinin tarihsel gelişimi ve türleri incelenmiştir. Günümüzdeki konumuna bakıldığında altyapı projelerinin hayata geçirilmesinde tercih edilen bu modelin avantajları ve model hakkındaki genel eleştirileri kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Tezin üçüncü bölümünde ise, gecikme kavramı açıklanmış ve gecikme türleri anlatılmıştır. İnşaat projelerinde gecikmelerin analiz edilme yöntemleri ve literatürde analizlerin nasıl bir yaklaşımla ele alındığı aktarılmıştır. Örnekler verilerek aktarılan bu analizlerde gecikme türlerinin ne gibi sonuçlara sebep oldukları ve hak taleplerinde nasıl ele alındıkları tariflenmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda, gecikme analiz türlerinin kullanılabildiği ve kullanılamadığı gecikme türleri değerlendirilerek eş zamanlı gecikmelerin analizi için tez kapsamında kullanılması mümkün olan analiz türleri irdelenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre vaka analizinin kapsamı belirlenmiş ve yapılan çalışmalar bu araştırmalara istinaden ilerletilmiştir. Tezin dördüncü bölümünde, kamu özel ortaklığı modelinin türlerinden olan yap-işlet-devret modeline göre ihale edilmiş bir inşaat projesinde yaşanan eş zamanlı gecikmeler analiz edilmiştir. Projede yaşanan gecikme sebepleri belirlenmiş, haftalık olarak güncellenen iş programlarında bu gecikmelerin etkileri analiz edilmiş ve gecikme türlerinin dikkate alınması ile taraflar arasında gecikme sürelerinin paylaştırılması sağlanmıştır. Eş zamanlı gecikmelerin analizinde kullanılması önerilen zaman etki gecikme analizine göre haftalık olarak gerçek zamanlı verilerle güncellenen iş programlarında, eş zamanlı gecikmelerin etki başlangıç ve bitişlerine göre gecikmelerin sorumlusu tayin edilmiş ve hak taleplerinde süre uzatımı ile ek tazminat hakkı için nasıl bir sonuca varılacağı belirlenmiştir. Yukarıda aktarılan bölümler ışığında tezin beşinci bölümü olan sonuç bölümünde, yap-işlet-devret modeli inşaat projelerinde eş zamanlı gecikmelerin analiz edilmesi ve raporlanarak sunulması konusunun önemine değinilmiş ve sözleşmelerde eş zamanlı gecikmelerin nasıl bir yeri olması gerektiği tariflenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, eş zamanlı gecikmelerin analiz edilme yöntemleri ve hak taleplerinde nasıl bir detayda sunulmaları gerektiği aktarılmış ve sözleşmelerde bununla ilgili maddelerin içeriği açıklanmıştır. Sözleşmenin açıklanan bu analizlere göre düzenlenmesi durumunda, teze konu olan vakanın hak talebi sonucunda ne gibi haklar kazanılacağı ve/veya kaybedileceği belirtilmiştir. Özetle, yap-işlet-devret modelinde yapım aşaması ne kadar erken tamamlanırsa işletme dönemine aynı sürede erken başlanabilmekte ve böylelikle gelir elde etme dönemi daha erken başlayarak karlılık artabilmektedir. Bu amaçla, oluşan eş zamanlı gecikmelerin doğru analiz edilmesi ve sonuca bağlanması, yatırımcı açısından oldukça önemli bir konudur. Bütün bu süreçlerin anlaşmazlık oluşturmadan sürdürülebilmesi için, sözleşmelerin ve/veya şartnamelerin eş zamanlı gecikmeler konusunda düzenlemeler barındırması sonucuna varılmıştır.