Paşalimanı (Aloni) adası şaraphane yapıları için koruma ve yeniden kullanım önerileri

Abstract

In this context, industrial heritages related to wine production in Greece have been searched. The research focused on wineries of the Samos Island, due to their similarities to the thesis subject. The examples have been compiled using Pandektis and VIDA archives. Pandektis has a special collection titled "Industrial Establishments and Workshops in the Aegean". Most of the wineries in the collection are located on Samos Island. Among the Greek islands, Samos is the closest to Turkey geographically. In the 19th century, Samos was a region- affiliated with the Ottoman administration as Sisam Beyliği. Consequently, it is possible to frequently encounter records of wine taxes of Sisam in the BOA documents. In Turkey, the wineries that witnessed the pre-republic period have been greatly affected by wars and migrations. During the Ottoman era, production, consumption, and trade of alcoholic beverages were forbidden for Muslims. The main actors in the wine industry were non-Muslim groups. In the beginning of the 20th century, the First World War caused migrations. The loss of a large part of the Anatolian Greek population was made certain through the Population Exchange between Greece and Turkey signed in the Treaty of Lausanne. This migration also means the loss of the original users of the wineries and the loss of professional knowledge in the country. After the relocation policies, some of the abandoned wine production structures were reused, some of them in danger of being lost due to neglect, decay or other threats. Many of them have already been lost. The Anatolian Greeks of the South Marmara Islands left the region before the exchange agreement. The agreement, signed in 1923, formalized the situation of the migrants. Relocation policies and the distribution of the "Emval-i Metruke" (abandoned properties) to the exchangees were implemented at different periods. In particular, the South Marmara Islands remained empty for a couple of years. This desolate era resulted in looting of the buildings and other valuables. The repopulation of Paşalimanı Island began with the first migrants coming from Crete Island. Immigrants from Yugoslavia and the Black Sea Region began to form a new population of the Island. During this period, viticulture and winemaking activities on the island have decreased drastically. The newcomers from Macedonia (formerly Yugoslavia) converted some of the winery buildings into houses and used some of them as warehouses. The main production unit possibly has not been used for a hundred years. As can be seen from a 1953 aerial photograph provided from HGM, the roof is completely missing. Considering its abandonment starting from 1920s, it seems unlikely to lose the entire roof without any intervention. Throughout the process of establishing the new state, it was necessary to restructure the wine industry. The foundations of the industry was reestablished through processes such as supporting viticulture, bringing in experts on the subject to the country, supplying the equipment necessary for the production, providing vocational training, and building production facilities under state monopoly. These approaches had effects such as revitalizing and expanding the vineyards in the South Marmara Islands, especially on the islands of Avşa and Paşalimanı. The South Marmara Islands, known for their delicious wines throughout history, have a local grape variety called Adakarası. It is currently grown for commercial purposes in wide vineyards of Büyülübağ Winery on Avşa Island. However, Paşalimanı vineyards are limited to small-scale productions for personal use. The resumption of grape and wine production on Paşalimanı Island, which has a climate and soil type suitable for viticulture, will make significant contributions to the regional economy. Having an industrial heritage that reflects the wine culture of the region is a great opportunity for the island. Within the scope of the study, the current condition of the winery was recorded and assessments were made regarding its architectural features. Material and deterioration analyses were developed with the data provided through the site work. Structural damages, building element losses, material deteriorations, improper interventions, and vegetation growth are general problems faced by the winery. The field study was conducted on Paşalimanı Island in September 2021. For the architectural survey, digital-optical instruments such as laser scanner and totalstation together with traditional survey methods were used. Approximately 50 setups were made with laser scanning. The survey data taken with total station were completed using 13 polygons. Orthographic images were obtained from the created point cloud data, which provides reliable data for the drawings. Some of the winery units did not permit the installation of devices, so survey was obtained using traditional methods. The restitution proposal for the initial state of the complex has been prepared according to the research data, the accounts of island residents, and the architectural survey. Conservation proposals and a reuse project were developed by considering the cultural significance of the heritage in the Southern Marmara Islands and the potential economic opportunities for the local community.