Kuir perspektif: Mimarlığın çözüm problemi
Kuir perspektif: Mimarlığın çözüm problemi
Dosyalar
Tarih
2020-06-14
Yazarlar
Gülhaş, Armağan
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Mimarlık kuramı ve pratiğinin ele aldığı vakayla kurduğu çözüm üretme ilişkisini problematikleştirdiğim tez çalışmasında, mimarlığın bakış açısını çözümler alanından problemler alanına kaydırmanın yollarını kuir kuram içerisinde arıyorum. Mimarlığı sınırlayan ve anlam üretme potansiyelini azaltan çözüm-odaklı perspektiflerin, kuir bir örüntülenme içerisinde problem ile mübadele edilmesinin taktiklerine odaklanırken, eş zamanlı olarak kuir kavramının mimarlık içindeki yaygın "kuir mekan" kullanımının da dönüşüm sürecini tasarlıyorum. Mimarlıkta alışılagelmiş yöntemleri ve perspektifleri ters yüz etmek için kullandığım kuir kavramını, getirdiği problematik potansiyelinin azalmaması ve kendi içerisinde belirli sınırlamalara tabi olmaması için sorunsallaştırıyorum. Kuir kavramının mimarlık içindeki sınırlayıcı kullanımlarına yönelik geliştirdiğim bu eleştirel tutum; niteleyici, tanımlayıcı ve maddi olmayan, ilişkisellik düzleminde hareket edilebilen post-kuir bir konumlanmayı ortaya çıkarır. Kuir perspektif olarak adlandırdığım bu pozisyon; geçici, geçişli ve tanım-ötesi bir yeri işaret ederken, gizli kalmış ikili hiyerarşileri, iktidar ilişkilerini ve normatif kodlamaları eleştirel bir formatta görünür kılar. Bununla birlikte normatif olmayan vakaların kuir perspektif ile okunması ise; içerilen anlamın ve problemin, kısıtlı olasılıklar düzleminin virtüel bir potansiyel alana çekilmesinin ve yeni ilişkiler kurulmasının ortamını oluşturur. Post-kuir bir konumlanmayla kuir perspektifin mimarlık içindeki "çözülmüş" problemleri su yüzüne çıkarabileceği iddiasını, Deleuzeyen virtüel, edimsel ve olay kavramları ve aşkınsal ampirizmin oluşturduğu örüntüler içerisinde hareket ederek ortaya koyuyorum. Muğlaklık ve kimliksizlik iddiası içindeki kuir kavramının potansiyelini ortaya çıkarıp imgesiz bir düşünceye dönüştüren kuir perspektifi, bir ilişkiler yumağının duyumsanması olarak kavramsallaştırıyorum. Böylece alışılagelmiş bir şekilde kuir beden, arzu ve deneyim üzerinden mimarlığı okuma yaklaşımlarına mesafe alarak, deneyim ve maddiliğin koşullarını tartıştığım bir kuir perspektif önerebiliyorum. Tez çalışmasını bu yöntem ve araçlarla sürdürürek, mimarlık kuramında ve pratiğinde kuir perspektifleri yakalamayı ve onlara yerleşerek potansiyel problemi tartışmayı da başlıca bir taktik olarak ifade edebilirim. Tez kapsamında ele aldığım mimarlık kuramı ve pratiğindeki kuir perspektifler, uygulanma biçimi, uygulandığı vakalar ve bağlam açısından farklı disiplinlerden ve ölçeklerden bir araya gelmektedir. Mimarlık kuramı içerisinde kuir kavramının geçmiş kullanımlarının izini sürdüğüm çalışmalarla kuirin tez içerisindeki pozisyonunun keskinleştirilmesi, mimarlık kuramı üzerinden ele aldığım evrensel, tanımlanmış ve ikili düşünceyi çokluğa ve problematik bir alana çekmeye yardımcı olur. Bu bakış açısıyla paralel olarak, mimarlık pratiği içerisinde bir çözümler kitabı olarak tanımladığım Neufret'in Yapı Tasarımı kitabının post-kuir değerlendirilmesi, kuramdan edinilen perspektiflerin deney alanını oluşturur. Tez çalışmasının son bölümü, sadece Neufert üzerinde ilerleyen bir tartışmayla değil, Neufert'te yakaladığım kuir perspektif hatlarını, bu hatları genişleten ve ilişkileri problematikleştiren farklı ölçeklerde ve disiplinlerdeki üretimleri içermektedir. Neufert'in çözüm-odaklı ve standardize eden bakış açılarının altını oyan bu örnekler, kuir perspektifle birlikte mimarlık pratiğine dair problemi ve ilişkileri önceleyen, merkezsizleşmiş, belli-belirsiz taktikleri de ortaya çıkarır. Görünür kılınan bu taktiklerle birlikte tez çalışmasının esas göstermek istediği şey, kuir perspektifin ele aldığı vakalar üzerine getirdiği yaratıcı problem üretimi ve potansiyelleri düşünme kabiliyetidir.
In this thesis where I set out to problematize the solution-generating relation that architectural theory and practice build with the case it addresses, I search for ways to shift the architectural perspective from the sphere of solutions to that of problems within the queer theory. While focusing on the tactics for an exchange of solution-oriented perspectives that limit architecture and weaken its meaning generation potential for problems in a queer patterning, I concurrently design the transformation process of "queer space", a common manifestation of the queer concept in architecture. I problematize the queer concept, which I use to disrupt conventional architectural methods and perspectives, to ensure that the problematic potential it brings forth is not diminished and it does not self-impose restrictions. The criticism I launch against the limiting use of the queer concept within architecture propounds a post-queer position that is not designative, descriptive, or tangible but one that can be placed on an axis of relationality. This position, which I deem the queer perspective, refers to a notion that is transient, transitive and trans-definitional and brings into the open concealed binary hierarchies, power relations, and normative codes. On the other hand, a reading of non-normative cases through a queer perspective creates a space in which the meaning and the problem contained as well as the plane of limited possibilities are drawn to a virtual potential sphere where new relations are formed. It is important why the conceptual aspect of queer is used as a field where solutions and problems are discussed. The post-structuralist theory, from which the queer theory is also derived, puts the human being at the center of the language in the process of identification. Feminist theory reveals hierarchical and power relations in the context of gender. As a continuation of these two critical thoughts, I anticipate that queer will present a creative production process in the context of both their different positioning in the current literature and the criticism of the normative regulations in the field of architecture, which is an identity construction. As I will explain more in my thesis, queer is a concept that inverts all kinds of assumed / naturalized sexuality, gender and gender orders, and creates an ambiguous and undefined alternative to them. This impenetrable and slippery nature of queer has been used as a means by theorists from different disciplines to raise their issues. As a matter of fact, the concept of queer, which has been used frequently in architectural discussions, has been produced in a number of qualitative and descriptive contexts like in other disciplines. In this thesis, my discussion on queer uses and potential perspectives in architecture has been expanded in this context. Therefore, based on this background and especially from the queer readings suggested by Colebrook and Ruffolo, I came to the conclusion that considering the queer as a perspective with the will to create a dichotomy in the concept of queer would correspond to a more potential field. In this way, I started the process of problematizing a using that was solved in itself. I tried to construct a double-layered creation process by making both himself and the object he dealt with problematic. Throughout this process, I have taken the creation of a multiscale work as a tactic of making the queer perspective visible. I put forward the claim that the queer perspective, via a post-queer positioning, can unearth the "solved" problems in architecture by visiting patterns created by Deleuzian concepts of the virtual, the actual, and event and by transcendental empiricism. I conceptualize the queer perspective, which taps into the potential of the queer concept that is clothed in a claim of ambiguity and lack of identity and turned into an imageless idea, as the perception of a motley of relations. Therefore, moving away from a reading of architecture in reference to the queer body, desire, and experience, I can propose a queer perspective through which I discuss the conditions of experience and materiality. Developing the thesis through this method and tools, a primary tactic I will pursue is to capture queer perspectives in the architectural theory and practice and explore the potential problem by focusing on those perspectives. The queer perspectives which I address in architectural theory and practice comprise different disciplines and scales in terms of form of application, the cases on which they are applied, and the context. The sharpening of the queer position in the thesis by way of tracking the past uses of the queer concept in architectural theory helps transfer the universal, defined, and binary thinking, which I tackle through architectural theory, to a sphere of multiplicity and problematic. In parallel to this viewpoint, a post-queer assessment of Neufert Architects' Data, which I describe as a book of solutions within architectural practice, constitutes the experimental space for the perspectives obtained from the theory. The final section of the thesis does not only explore a debate based on Neufert but also looks into the lines of queer perspective I have captured in Neufert as well as productions in different scales and disciplines that expand these lines and problematize relations. Undermining Neufert's solution-oriented and standardizing perspectives, these examples reveal decentralized and tentative tactics which prioritize, via the queer perspective, the problem and relations with respect to architectural practice. In addition to these tactics that are unveiled, the main matter that the thesis would like to propound is the creative problem generation that the queer perspective brings into the cases it addresses and its capability to consider potentials. Architect's Data, which I define as a book of solutions, reflects a normative perspective to both architects and users, reducing architecture to a position that can only spread to a limited area. The boundaries that arise within the scope of this review are the solution-oriented organization of architectural design processes, the standardization of the structure and its components, and a masculine-centric policy in this standardization process. The queer perspective emerges with the examination of these contents in Neufert's Architect's Data, as well as the addition of architectural approaches that will problematize the solution-oriented perspective. Issues such as normative strategies applied in architectural design processes and architects' behaviors, designing on the floor plan, and the design being composed of processes moving in one direction, shifts from around to the area of problems. When the queer perspective reveals its conceptual pattern in solution / problem relation, it draws what it penetrates into its own problems area. In addition to architectural acts, it imposes its own problematic view on all acts, disrupting them and making them useless, free from memorized solutions. The queer perspective only makes visible the encounters between the meaning and relations it reveals, since it is simply a template that does not aim to master the subject and make it speak of itself. Since it is full of changeable and transformable tactics and concepts, it remains an unpredictable and unpredictable threat for all power centers. Acting with this perspective in contemporary architectural debates offers a potential area in terms of not falling into the traps of the common perspective and making visible the hidden discourses and relations of the rulers.
In this thesis where I set out to problematize the solution-generating relation that architectural theory and practice build with the case it addresses, I search for ways to shift the architectural perspective from the sphere of solutions to that of problems within the queer theory. While focusing on the tactics for an exchange of solution-oriented perspectives that limit architecture and weaken its meaning generation potential for problems in a queer patterning, I concurrently design the transformation process of "queer space", a common manifestation of the queer concept in architecture. I problematize the queer concept, which I use to disrupt conventional architectural methods and perspectives, to ensure that the problematic potential it brings forth is not diminished and it does not self-impose restrictions. The criticism I launch against the limiting use of the queer concept within architecture propounds a post-queer position that is not designative, descriptive, or tangible but one that can be placed on an axis of relationality. This position, which I deem the queer perspective, refers to a notion that is transient, transitive and trans-definitional and brings into the open concealed binary hierarchies, power relations, and normative codes. On the other hand, a reading of non-normative cases through a queer perspective creates a space in which the meaning and the problem contained as well as the plane of limited possibilities are drawn to a virtual potential sphere where new relations are formed. It is important why the conceptual aspect of queer is used as a field where solutions and problems are discussed. The post-structuralist theory, from which the queer theory is also derived, puts the human being at the center of the language in the process of identification. Feminist theory reveals hierarchical and power relations in the context of gender. As a continuation of these two critical thoughts, I anticipate that queer will present a creative production process in the context of both their different positioning in the current literature and the criticism of the normative regulations in the field of architecture, which is an identity construction. As I will explain more in my thesis, queer is a concept that inverts all kinds of assumed / naturalized sexuality, gender and gender orders, and creates an ambiguous and undefined alternative to them. This impenetrable and slippery nature of queer has been used as a means by theorists from different disciplines to raise their issues. As a matter of fact, the concept of queer, which has been used frequently in architectural discussions, has been produced in a number of qualitative and descriptive contexts like in other disciplines. In this thesis, my discussion on queer uses and potential perspectives in architecture has been expanded in this context. Therefore, based on this background and especially from the queer readings suggested by Colebrook and Ruffolo, I came to the conclusion that considering the queer as a perspective with the will to create a dichotomy in the concept of queer would correspond to a more potential field. In this way, I started the process of problematizing a using that was solved in itself. I tried to construct a double-layered creation process by making both himself and the object he dealt with problematic. Throughout this process, I have taken the creation of a multiscale work as a tactic of making the queer perspective visible. I put forward the claim that the queer perspective, via a post-queer positioning, can unearth the "solved" problems in architecture by visiting patterns created by Deleuzian concepts of the virtual, the actual, and event and by transcendental empiricism. I conceptualize the queer perspective, which taps into the potential of the queer concept that is clothed in a claim of ambiguity and lack of identity and turned into an imageless idea, as the perception of a motley of relations. Therefore, moving away from a reading of architecture in reference to the queer body, desire, and experience, I can propose a queer perspective through which I discuss the conditions of experience and materiality. Developing the thesis through this method and tools, a primary tactic I will pursue is to capture queer perspectives in the architectural theory and practice and explore the potential problem by focusing on those perspectives. The queer perspectives which I address in architectural theory and practice comprise different disciplines and scales in terms of form of application, the cases on which they are applied, and the context. The sharpening of the queer position in the thesis by way of tracking the past uses of the queer concept in architectural theory helps transfer the universal, defined, and binary thinking, which I tackle through architectural theory, to a sphere of multiplicity and problematic. In parallel to this viewpoint, a post-queer assessment of Neufert Architects' Data, which I describe as a book of solutions within architectural practice, constitutes the experimental space for the perspectives obtained from the theory. The final section of the thesis does not only explore a debate based on Neufert but also looks into the lines of queer perspective I have captured in Neufert as well as productions in different scales and disciplines that expand these lines and problematize relations. Undermining Neufert's solution-oriented and standardizing perspectives, these examples reveal decentralized and tentative tactics which prioritize, via the queer perspective, the problem and relations with respect to architectural practice. In addition to these tactics that are unveiled, the main matter that the thesis would like to propound is the creative problem generation that the queer perspective brings into the cases it addresses and its capability to consider potentials. Architect's Data, which I define as a book of solutions, reflects a normative perspective to both architects and users, reducing architecture to a position that can only spread to a limited area. The boundaries that arise within the scope of this review are the solution-oriented organization of architectural design processes, the standardization of the structure and its components, and a masculine-centric policy in this standardization process. The queer perspective emerges with the examination of these contents in Neufert's Architect's Data, as well as the addition of architectural approaches that will problematize the solution-oriented perspective. Issues such as normative strategies applied in architectural design processes and architects' behaviors, designing on the floor plan, and the design being composed of processes moving in one direction, shifts from around to the area of problems. When the queer perspective reveals its conceptual pattern in solution / problem relation, it draws what it penetrates into its own problems area. In addition to architectural acts, it imposes its own problematic view on all acts, disrupting them and making them useless, free from memorized solutions. The queer perspective only makes visible the encounters between the meaning and relations it reveals, since it is simply a template that does not aim to master the subject and make it speak of itself. Since it is full of changeable and transformable tactics and concepts, it remains an unpredictable and unpredictable threat for all power centers. Acting with this perspective in contemporary architectural debates offers a potential area in terms of not falling into the traps of the common perspective and making visible the hidden discourses and relations of the rulers.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans)-- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2020
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2020
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2020
Anahtar kelimeler
Kuir perspektif, Mimarlık,
Queer perspective, Architecture