Vakumlu Yalıtım Kabinlerinde Çökmenin İncelenmesi
Vakumlu Yalıtım Kabinlerinde Çökmenin İncelenmesi
Dosyalar
Tarih
Yazarlar
Tunca, Hakan
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Buzdolaplarında enerji verimliliğinin artırılmasına yönelik olarak üzerinde çalışılan alternatif yalıtım yöntemlerinden biri de vakumlu izolasyon komponenti tekniğidir. Vakumlu izolasyon komponenti, yalıtımı yapılacak hacme ait yalıtım boşluğunun mikro gözenekli toz ya da açık hücreli köpük bazlı malzeme ile doldurulmuş halde vakumlanması ve vakum sıkı halde atmosfere kapatılması yolu ile elde edilir. Bir buzdolabı kabinin bu yöntem ile yalıtılmasıyla ise vakumlu yalıtım kabini elde edilir. Vakumlu yalıtım kabinlerinde karşılaşılan en büyük problem vakumlanmış yalıtım hacmi ile dış ortam arasındaki yüksek basınç farkı sebebiyle kabin cidarlarında oluşan aşırı çökmelerdir. Öyle ki oluşan çökmeler sebebiyle kabin cidarlarında yırtılma ve çatlamalar meydana gelmekte, ayrıca hasar oluşmayan durumlarda ise amaçlanan düzgün dış yüzeyler elde edilememektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı vakumlu yalıtım kabinlerinde oluşan çökmenin en aza indirilmesine yönelik konstrüktif çözümler geliştirilmesidir. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli konstrüktif çözümler uygulanmış vakumlu yalıtım kabinleri I-DEAS programında modellenerek, oluşturulan modeller üzerinde sonlu eleman analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analizlerden elde edilen sonuçlar bir araya getirildiğinde kabin cidar kalınlığının artırılması, yalıtım boşluğuna uygun şekilde destekler yerleştirilmesi ve kabin köşe ve kenarlarındaki yuvarlatmaların kaldırılması yoluyla kabinde çökmelerin azaltılabileceği görülmüştür. Gerçekleştirilen analizlerden elde edilen kriterler ışığında yeni kabin prototipleri oluşturularak mevcut toz dolum tesisinde fumed silika ile dolum ve vakum sıkı kapatma işlemleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulanan konstrüktif çözümlerle kabinlerde çökmenin azaltılabildiği gözlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında oluşturulan vakumlu yalıtım kabinlerinin vakum seviyelerinin zamanla değişimi incelenmiş ve kabin imalat prosesinin geliştirilmesi üzerine çalışmalar yapılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. İlave olarak bir fumed silika bazlı vakumlu yalıtım kabini üzerinde ters ısı kaçak testi gerçekleştirilerek elde edilen değer geleneksel poliüretan yalıtımına ait değer ile karşılaştırılmış, kabin izolasyonunda kayda değer bir iyileşme sağlandığı gözlenmiştir.
One of the alternative insulation methods on which is studied in order to develop the energy efficiency of household refrigerators is the method of vacuum insulation component. A vacuum insulation component is obtained by evacuating the insulation space of a body, which is to be insulated, which is filled with a micro porous powder based material or an open cell foam based material and then sealing it tight to the atmosphere. Through insulating the cabinet of a household refrigerator by said method, a vacuum insulation cabinet is obtained. The most important problem encountered on vacuum insulation cabinets is the deformation occurring on the cabinet walls due to the large pressure difference between the insulation volume and atmospheric environment. As a consequence of the deformation, tear and cracks occur on the cabinet walls; also, in situations of no failure, desired flat outer surfaces of the cabinet cannot be obtained. The aim of this study is to develop structural solutions in order to minimize the deformation occurring on vacuum insulation cabinets. During this study, vacuum insulation cabinets on which various structural solutions were applied have been modelled in I-DEAS and finite element analyses have been made on said cabinet models. By putting the results obtained from analyses together, it has been shown that the deformation on cabinet walls can be minimized by means of increasing the wall thickness of cabinets, placing supports into the insulation space in an appropriate combination and omitting the fillets on edges and corners of cabinets. Under the light of design criteria obtained as a result of made analyses, new cabinet prototypes have been manufactured, filled with fumed silica core material and sealed tight to the atmosphere in the pilot VIC production plant. On cabinets exposed to the atmosphere, it was observed that the deformations could be minimised. Also, changes on vacuum levels of cabinets, which have been constructed during this study, with time have been investigated, and the investigation showed that an intensive study should be made in order to improve the construction process of cabinets. Additionally, a reverse heat leak test have been carried out on a fumed silica based vacuum insulation cabinet, and comparing results obtained from the test with the value of conventional polyurethan insulation, it has been seen that a considerable improvement was made on the cabinet insulation performance.
One of the alternative insulation methods on which is studied in order to develop the energy efficiency of household refrigerators is the method of vacuum insulation component. A vacuum insulation component is obtained by evacuating the insulation space of a body, which is to be insulated, which is filled with a micro porous powder based material or an open cell foam based material and then sealing it tight to the atmosphere. Through insulating the cabinet of a household refrigerator by said method, a vacuum insulation cabinet is obtained. The most important problem encountered on vacuum insulation cabinets is the deformation occurring on the cabinet walls due to the large pressure difference between the insulation volume and atmospheric environment. As a consequence of the deformation, tear and cracks occur on the cabinet walls; also, in situations of no failure, desired flat outer surfaces of the cabinet cannot be obtained. The aim of this study is to develop structural solutions in order to minimize the deformation occurring on vacuum insulation cabinets. During this study, vacuum insulation cabinets on which various structural solutions were applied have been modelled in I-DEAS and finite element analyses have been made on said cabinet models. By putting the results obtained from analyses together, it has been shown that the deformation on cabinet walls can be minimized by means of increasing the wall thickness of cabinets, placing supports into the insulation space in an appropriate combination and omitting the fillets on edges and corners of cabinets. Under the light of design criteria obtained as a result of made analyses, new cabinet prototypes have been manufactured, filled with fumed silica core material and sealed tight to the atmosphere in the pilot VIC production plant. On cabinets exposed to the atmosphere, it was observed that the deformations could be minimised. Also, changes on vacuum levels of cabinets, which have been constructed during this study, with time have been investigated, and the investigation showed that an intensive study should be made in order to improve the construction process of cabinets. Additionally, a reverse heat leak test have been carried out on a fumed silica based vacuum insulation cabinet, and comparing results obtained from the test with the value of conventional polyurethan insulation, it has been seen that a considerable improvement was made on the cabinet insulation performance.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2006
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2006
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2006
Anahtar kelimeler
Buzdolabı,
kabin,
vakumlu yalıtım,
sonlu elemanlar,
Refrigerator,
Cabinet,
Vacuum Insulation,
Finite Elements