Yüksek Basınç Piston Silindir Ünitesine Ait Pistonun Mukavemet Analizi
Yüksek Basınç Piston Silindir Ünitesine Ait Pistonun Mukavemet Analizi
Dosyalar
Tarih
2013-01-06
Yazarlar
Mamedov, Ali
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Bu çalışmada, primer seviyede kullanılan piston silindir ünitesine ait pistonun mukavemet analizi yapılmıştır. Bu konuda yapılmış literatür çalışmaları incelenmiş ve çalışmaya katkıda bulunacak bilgiler tezde sunulmuştur. Kırılan pistonun muhtemel kırılma nedenini bulmak için pistonun maruz kalabileceği her türlü zorlanma durumunda sonlu elemanlar analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu sonlu eleman analizlerine temel teşkil edecek zorlanma türlerinin teorisini teşkil eden mukavemet esasları da çalışmada verilmiştir. Yapılan sonlu elemanlar analizleri sonucunda pistonun normal çalışma zorlanması olan basma zorlanmasına dayanacak şekilde malzeme seçimi ve boyutlandırmasının yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak bunun dışındaki zorlanmalara maruz kaldığında çok küçük kuvvet ve momentler etkisinde hasara uğrayabileceği hesaplanmıştır. Pistonun hasara uğramasına neden olan etkenlerin araştırılmasında yardımcı olacak, kırılma mekanizmaları hakkında bilgi veren hasar analizi bilgileri sunulmuştur. Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu ve Yarı Kantitatif Elementsel Analiz Sistemi kullanılarak piston malzemesinin katalogda verilen malzeme değerleri ile örtüşüp örtüşmediği kontrol edilmiştir. Bu analiz sonucunda malzemenin katalogda verilen AISI 304L malzemesi ile örtüşmediği, mekanik özellikleri bundan daha iyi olan ancak gevrek yapıya sahip olan Tungsten-Karbür-Kobalt(WC-Co) malzemesinden imal edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bulunan yeni malzeme özelliklerine göre sonlu elemanlar analizi tekrarlanmış ve malzemenin akma dayanımının aşılmasına neden olan kuvvetler bulunmuştur. Pistonun kırılan yüzeyleri Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu altında incelenmiş ve bunun sonucunda sonlu elemanlar analizleri de dikkate alınarak kırılma nedeninin taşıma sırasında oluşabilecek titreşimlerden kaynaklanmadığı ancak dışarıdan bir etki sonucu oluşabilecek burulma zorlanması nedeniyle hasara uğradığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
In this study, strength analysis of piston which belongs to high pressure piston cylinder unit is investigated. Literature research concerning this issue is reviewed and some related researches are given in this thesis. To find probable fracture cause of the piston, Finite Element Analyses are made in each loading condition that the piston can be subjected to. Strength of materials principals, which form the theory of stress types that will form a basis for Finite Element Analyses, are also given. As the result of Finite Element Analyses, it is found that piston was designed for its normal loading condition, pressure, and in any other loading conditions failure can occur easily even under relatively small loads. Fracture analysis principals, which will help to study probable cause of the piston fracture and will give valuable information about fracture mechanics and fracture surfaces, are also given. Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Semi Quantitative Elemental Analysis System, material of the piston was controlled for whether it is compatible with the material identifications given in the catalogue. As a result of this analysis, it was found that piston was not manufactured from AISI 304L stainless steel, which is given in its catalog, but was manufactured from Tungsten-Carbide-Cobalt(WC-Co) material, which has better mechanical properties. After inspection of the material structure of WC-Co material, it was found that despite it had better mechanical properties, it had a brittle structure. So all Finite Element Analyses were repeated for a new material and the loads leading to exceeding of the yield strength of the material were calculated. Fracture surfaces of the piston were inspected by means of Scanning Electron Microscope and concerning Finite Element Analyses results, it was found that the piston failed due to the torsional stress and not due to vibrations during transportation.
In this study, strength analysis of piston which belongs to high pressure piston cylinder unit is investigated. Literature research concerning this issue is reviewed and some related researches are given in this thesis. To find probable fracture cause of the piston, Finite Element Analyses are made in each loading condition that the piston can be subjected to. Strength of materials principals, which form the theory of stress types that will form a basis for Finite Element Analyses, are also given. As the result of Finite Element Analyses, it is found that piston was designed for its normal loading condition, pressure, and in any other loading conditions failure can occur easily even under relatively small loads. Fracture analysis principals, which will help to study probable cause of the piston fracture and will give valuable information about fracture mechanics and fracture surfaces, are also given. Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Semi Quantitative Elemental Analysis System, material of the piston was controlled for whether it is compatible with the material identifications given in the catalogue. As a result of this analysis, it was found that piston was not manufactured from AISI 304L stainless steel, which is given in its catalog, but was manufactured from Tungsten-Carbide-Cobalt(WC-Co) material, which has better mechanical properties. After inspection of the material structure of WC-Co material, it was found that despite it had better mechanical properties, it had a brittle structure. So all Finite Element Analyses were repeated for a new material and the loads leading to exceeding of the yield strength of the material were calculated. Fracture surfaces of the piston were inspected by means of Scanning Electron Microscope and concerning Finite Element Analyses results, it was found that the piston failed due to the torsional stress and not due to vibrations during transportation.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2011
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011
Anahtar kelimeler
Mukavemet analizi,
Sonlu elemanlar analizi,
SEM analizi,
Hasar analizi,
Strength analysis,
Finite Element Analysis,
SEM analysis,
Fracture analysis