Tek aile evleri maliyet analizi ile kendi aralarında ve apartman konutları arasında maliyet karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Bu araştırmada tek aile evlerinin belirli tipleri üzerinde çalışma yapılarak, bunların maliyetler açısından apartman konuta alternatif olup olmayacağı araştırılmakta, diğer taraftan da tek aile ev tipleri arasında da maliyet karşılaştırılması yapılarak kendi aralarında da maliyet farkı bulunup bulunmayacağı, fark varsa, bunun miktarının ne olduğu ortaya konulmak istenmektedir. Çalışmanın üçüncü temel amacı ise Almanya'da tek aile evleri üzerine yapılan benzer çalışma ile bu araştırmanın sonuçlarının karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu çalışmanın temel adımlan aşağıda sırayla açıklanmıştır : İlk adımda Almanya'daki benzer araştırma incelenerek, ülkemizde de görülen beş adet tek aile ev projeleri belirlenmiştir. Bu ev tiplerinin sadece şematik plan ve kesitleri bulunduğundan öncelikle 1/50 ölçekte projeleri geliştirilmiştir.İkinci adımda bu projelerin gerçekleştirilmesi için yapılması gereken imalatlar belirlenerek mahal listesi oluşturulmuştur, imalatların saptanmasında 1. sınıf inşaat özellikleri dikkate alınmıştır. Üçüncü adımda kabul edilen mahal listesine göre imalat miktarlarını saptama yöntemleri kararlaştırılmış ve tüm ev tiplerinin imalat miktarları hesaplanmıştır. Dördüncü adımda ise imalat maliyetlerinin hesaplanması için imalat fiyatları belirlenmiştir. İmalatların fiyatlandınlmasında, Mimar Alev Durmuş'un Nisan 1994 tarihinde hazırlandığı, Ekim 1993 fiyatlarına dayanan tez çalışmasından yararlanılmıştır. Beşinci adımda maliyetler grafikler ve listeler aracılığıyla analiz edilerek karşılaştınlmıştır. Bu bölümde öncelikle ev tiplerinin maliyetleri kendi aralarında, ikinci olarak Eryaman, Sinanoba konutlarının inşaat maliyetleriyle ve üçüncü olarak da Almanya'da yapılan tek aile evlerinin maliyetlerini konu alan benzer çalışmayla karşılaştınlmıştır.Son bölümde ise elde edilen bulgulann sonuçlan tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Until the very recent years, the types of the utility housing which are presented to the end users were, in general, apartment flat type housing. Onyl, although few in number, the construction of bungolaw type housings are also been noted. On the other hand it has been further observed that most of the people wish to live in the bungalows but as they are thinking that the cost of the bungalows are higher than the others, they lead themselves to the apartment flat types. Within the contents of this research; by working on various types of bungalows, an investigation has been conducted to determine whether they could be an alternative to the apartment house flats from the costing point of view. On the other hand, by conducting a study to compare the costs involved in between the bungalows themselves, it has been desired to set forth whether there were any cost differences among themselves; and if that was the case, what would be the cost variations. A study in respect to the comparision of the costs between the various types of bungalows have been conducted in Germany previously. It is the further aim of this research to make the comparision between the results of the study previously done in Germany and this thesis work. As it can be overviewed from explanations made for the scope of this thesis, the main point of the approach is the bungalow type houses. In another words, it is necessary to determine initially on the types of the bungalows and later in order to be able to make the costs comparisions of the houses, an approach should be maintained to have the certain similar properties on all types of houses. This conditions makes it obligatory to make hypotetic determination on the types of the houses because it is very difficult and in a way it is impossible to locate the houses with common peculiarities in the mam units and on the hand such is not being considered as a vital condition to reach to the above mentioned aim. In order to be able to make the comparision between the result of the study which was made in Germany previousyl and which is the third fundamental aim of this study, and the one achieved as a result of present research; the types of bungalows which were used for the study made in Germany are also used for the present study. When the subject bungalows are being reviewed, it has been noted that the said bungalows had a great resembles to the ones which can be found in our country and therefore it can be thought that such selection was not a wrong one. The basic steps of this study are as follows: AT THE INITIAL STEP, the seven types of bungalows which were included in the research which was done in Germany have been studied. As the two of the bungalows designed with galleries and with perpendicular roofs which are rarely found in our country, they were not included in this study. As only schematic plans and sections were developed and architectural plans with a scale of 1 /50 have been drawn. While making the drawings, priority have been given to have the same construction area on each one of them and later the dimensions of the elements of the building such as dimensions of the doors and windows, height of the flats are being standardized. AT THE SECOND STEP; for each type of bungalow, productions are being determined. By combining the productions which are related to each other, the main production list is prepared to include 15 production groups. The fixed productions which are included in the main production list is derived from the research undertaken by Doç. Dr. M. ÇIRACI which was prepared in the year 1993, for the Administration of Collective Housing of the Prime Ministry of Republic of Türkiye. The elements of internal completion and furnishings are being determined with the assistance of the high license thesis study prepared by Architect Alev Durmuş which was based on the above mentioned research. [5] In this thesis study there are internal comletion and furnishing elements covering the four different construction classes. Within this present research the bungalows are accepted to be of the first classes construction. AT THE THİRD STEP; as per already accepted main list of production, the methods to set out the guantity of the production have been determined and the production quantities covering the total bungalow types are being calculaded. Later the production quanties by being included in a table, are being summarized. As for the sixth type of comparision, a similar study conducted in Germany on the subject of the cost of bungalows which is identified under the title of *Baunutzungskostenplanunug im Wohnungbau* is being reviewed and it is being compared to the results of this present study. As far as the SIXTH STEP is concerned; the results of the findings which have been acquired,are being discussed.