Reklam mecrası seçimi: Hızlı tüketim malları sektöründe AHS yöntemi ile bir uygulama
Reklam mecrası seçimi: Hızlı tüketim malları sektöründe AHS yöntemi ile bir uygulama
Dosyalar
Tarih
2014-07-14
Yazarlar
Şener, Çağrı
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Günümüz çağında bazı pazarlamacılar, pazarın değiştiğini düşünerek mecraların ürünün en iyi potansiyel tüketicilerine daha dikkatli şekilde ulaşması prensibini benimsemekte, dolayısıyla bazı geleneksel medya formlarının satış sağlamak veya başka pazarlama hedeflerine ulaşmak konusunda geçmişe oranla bugünlerde daha az etkili olduğunu savunmaktadır. Bu sebepten ötürü firmalar tüketiciye ulaşmak için kullanacakları mecraları artık daha da dikkatli seçmeye özen göstermektedir. Yapılan pazar araştırmaları ne kadar geniş olursa olsun, doğru mecrayı seçebilmek için tüketicilerin gözünde değeri olmayan reklamın maliyeti, zamanlaması gibi etmenler de şirket için kısıtlayıcı olabilmektedir. Kimi zaman da tüketicilerin bakış açısı ile firmaların düşünceleri tamamen farklı olduğu görülebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada hedeflenen; Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci yöntemiyle hızlı tüketim malları için en etkili reklam mecrası seçim sürecini analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla yola çıkılarak örnek bir ürün belirlenmiş, ve bu örnek üzerinden veriler elde edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Nestlé firmasının önerisi sonucunda Nescafé 3ü1 Arada ürünü seçilmiş, veriler ise Nestlé İçecekler İş Birimi Marka Müdür Yardımcısı Melike Poyraz, Nestlé Nescafé 3ü1 Arada Marka Müdür Yardımcısı Miray Tok, Nestlé Çikolata ve Şekerleme İş Birimi Marka Müdür Yardımcısı Umut Can Kurt ve ürünün hedef kitlesi olan 18-30 yaş arası 33 birey ile yapılan ikili karşılaştırmalardan oluşan anketler sonucunda elde edilmiştir. Ankette bulunan kritelerin belirlenmesi için öncelikle literatür araştırması yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmalar sonrasında elde edilen bilgiler uzman görüşleriyle birleştirilerek kriterlere karar verilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler AHS yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş, verilerin analizi SuperDecisions paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Böylece Nescafé 3ü1 Arada ürünü için en etkili reklam mecrası seçim sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma bitiminde elde edilen sonuçlara bakıldığında firma için en önemli kriterin reklamın kurgusu olduğu, hedef kitle için de en cazip reklam mecrasının diğer kriterler göze alınmadığında televizyon olduğu görülmüştür. Firma için yapılan ankette ise en etkili reklam mecrasının dijital medya olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunun en büyük sebeplerinden birinin de dijital medyanın hem tüketicileri etkilemede başarılı hem de düşük maliyetli bir mecra olması olduğu saptanmıştır. Firmanın tüketici anket sonuçlarındaki ortaya çıkan etkili mecraları aktif olarak kullandığı görüldüğü için çalışmanın sonuçları tatmin edici bulunmuştur. Bu uygulama başka sektör veya ürünlerin reklam mecra seçimleri için örnek bir çalışma olarak dikkate alınabilir, anket daha fazla bireye yapılarak objektiflik arttırılabilir.
In today's world, it can be obviously seen that traditional media tools lose their power when compared with the past. It is getting harder and harder to reach consumers effectively with expanding a number of new media tools. Of course, traditional tools cannot be easily forgotten but it is clear that firms have to use other tools to promote their products to reach their goals. The firms have to decide the tools which they will use more careful not to invest in wrong marketing actions. The marketing research can be enormously wide, but they may not be able to afford the marketing media due to their limited budgets. Media planning is created to solve marketing problems. It is unnecessary for firms to make a media plan unless they know or understand the problems. The firms have to decide how to reach the customers, how this action will work, or what the goal is. For example, if the product needs to be shown, then the best media would be a television for it. In the same way, if the product needs to be shown with high quality, then the best media would be magazines. The creative strategy also focuses on age, gender, income, occupation to describe potential customers. Therefore it must be created with analytical thinking and deeply focusing. A marketing mix is the combination of everything that a firm uses to sell its products. They are; Product: The attributes, alternatives, specifications, style, brand name, and a package of the product Place: Distribution channels, location, stocks, transportation type of the product Price: List price, discounts, conditional discounts, payment schedules, credit conditions of the product Promotion: Advertisement, advertisement text, and visuals, media, personal sales, sales promotion, public relations, direct sales, local marketing of the product In this study, it will be focused on the promotion side of the marketing mix by applying multicriteria decision-making techniques on marketing area with choosing a pilot product. The advertisement types can be classified as in point of the advertisers, geographical condition, the purpose of the advertisements, product life cycle, and the media tool. Media tools are examined in this study to solve the problem. The aim of this project is to analyze the most effective media tool for the fast-moving consumer goods selection process with the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Starting with that purpose, a sample product is defined and the relevant data is used in the model. In this study, by the suggestion of Nestlé company, the product is chosen as Nescafé 3in1 Coffee. The data is taken from Nestlé Beverages Section Assistant Brand Manager Melike Poyraz, Nestlé Nescafé 3in1 Assistant Brand Manager Miray Tok, Nestlé Confectionary Section Assistant Brand Manager Umut Can Kurt and the target market which is the group with age between 18-30 by making surveys consists of pairwise comparisons. Criteria used in the model are chosen after the literature review and the meetings with specialists. After the model is developed, the SuperDecisions software program is used to analyze the data. In this manner, the most effective media tool for product Nescafé 3in1 is defined. The criteria for choosing the most effective media tool for fast-moving consumer products are set as Increase sales Increase consumption Convince to try To be preferred in place of the competitors Create brand loyalty Increase prestige of the firm To be the leader of the market Build awareness The alternatives for the study are set as Television Digital media Newspaper/Magazines In the Market media Radio Open-air media Transportation media These final criteria and alternatives are defined according to the literature review and the views of three different Nestlé Assistant Brand Managers. The criteria chosen are the main purposes of the advertisements of Nescafé 3in1. While setting the alternatives, it is decided to add the media tools which are not being used actively by Nestlé. These alternatives are radio and transportation media. In this way, it can be seen if the target group of the product wants to see the advertisements on these media tools, too. In this study, ELECTRE, TOPSIS, PROMETHEUS, Analytical Network Process (ANP), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) from multicriteria decision-making techniques are examined. Among these decision-making tools, the problem-solving tool for this study is chosen as AHP. Saaty(1999) developed the AHP which is a technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions, based on mathematics and psychology. Study results show that the most important criterion for the firm is the purpose of the advertisement, and the most effective media tool for consumers is television when the other criteria are not taken into consideration. On the other hand, according to the results of the survey of the firm, it is seen that the most effective media tool is digital media because of its power to affect consumers and lower cost rather than the other media tools. This study can be also applied to other sectors and products, and the number of people who reply survey can be increased to receive more objective results.
In today's world, it can be obviously seen that traditional media tools lose their power when compared with the past. It is getting harder and harder to reach consumers effectively with expanding a number of new media tools. Of course, traditional tools cannot be easily forgotten but it is clear that firms have to use other tools to promote their products to reach their goals. The firms have to decide the tools which they will use more careful not to invest in wrong marketing actions. The marketing research can be enormously wide, but they may not be able to afford the marketing media due to their limited budgets. Media planning is created to solve marketing problems. It is unnecessary for firms to make a media plan unless they know or understand the problems. The firms have to decide how to reach the customers, how this action will work, or what the goal is. For example, if the product needs to be shown, then the best media would be a television for it. In the same way, if the product needs to be shown with high quality, then the best media would be magazines. The creative strategy also focuses on age, gender, income, occupation to describe potential customers. Therefore it must be created with analytical thinking and deeply focusing. A marketing mix is the combination of everything that a firm uses to sell its products. They are; Product: The attributes, alternatives, specifications, style, brand name, and a package of the product Place: Distribution channels, location, stocks, transportation type of the product Price: List price, discounts, conditional discounts, payment schedules, credit conditions of the product Promotion: Advertisement, advertisement text, and visuals, media, personal sales, sales promotion, public relations, direct sales, local marketing of the product In this study, it will be focused on the promotion side of the marketing mix by applying multicriteria decision-making techniques on marketing area with choosing a pilot product. The advertisement types can be classified as in point of the advertisers, geographical condition, the purpose of the advertisements, product life cycle, and the media tool. Media tools are examined in this study to solve the problem. The aim of this project is to analyze the most effective media tool for the fast-moving consumer goods selection process with the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Starting with that purpose, a sample product is defined and the relevant data is used in the model. In this study, by the suggestion of Nestlé company, the product is chosen as Nescafé 3in1 Coffee. The data is taken from Nestlé Beverages Section Assistant Brand Manager Melike Poyraz, Nestlé Nescafé 3in1 Assistant Brand Manager Miray Tok, Nestlé Confectionary Section Assistant Brand Manager Umut Can Kurt and the target market which is the group with age between 18-30 by making surveys consists of pairwise comparisons. Criteria used in the model are chosen after the literature review and the meetings with specialists. After the model is developed, the SuperDecisions software program is used to analyze the data. In this manner, the most effective media tool for product Nescafé 3in1 is defined. The criteria for choosing the most effective media tool for fast-moving consumer products are set as Increase sales Increase consumption Convince to try To be preferred in place of the competitors Create brand loyalty Increase prestige of the firm To be the leader of the market Build awareness The alternatives for the study are set as Television Digital media Newspaper/Magazines In the Market media Radio Open-air media Transportation media These final criteria and alternatives are defined according to the literature review and the views of three different Nestlé Assistant Brand Managers. The criteria chosen are the main purposes of the advertisements of Nescafé 3in1. While setting the alternatives, it is decided to add the media tools which are not being used actively by Nestlé. These alternatives are radio and transportation media. In this way, it can be seen if the target group of the product wants to see the advertisements on these media tools, too. In this study, ELECTRE, TOPSIS, PROMETHEUS, Analytical Network Process (ANP), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) from multicriteria decision-making techniques are examined. Among these decision-making tools, the problem-solving tool for this study is chosen as AHP. Saaty(1999) developed the AHP which is a technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions, based on mathematics and psychology. Study results show that the most important criterion for the firm is the purpose of the advertisement, and the most effective media tool for consumers is television when the other criteria are not taken into consideration. On the other hand, according to the results of the survey of the firm, it is seen that the most effective media tool is digital media because of its power to affect consumers and lower cost rather than the other media tools. This study can be also applied to other sectors and products, and the number of people who reply survey can be increased to receive more objective results.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2014
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler
Reklam, Tüketici, AHS,
Advertising, Consumer, AHP