Teknolojik gelişmelerin mutfak planlamasına etkileri

Abstract

Konut planlamasında beslenme ve sağlık açısından önem taşıyan mutfakların yeri büyüktür. Mutfak tasarımı; kültü rel, sosyo-ekonomik ve teknolojik etkenlerden dolayı fark lılaşma gösterir. Bütün bu etkenler içinde, günümüzde her alana olduğu gibi mutfak tasarımına da büyük etkisi nede niyle teknolojik faktörlerin incelenmesi tez kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Tez çalışması beş bölüm ve ekleri içermektedir. Giriş bölümünde konu alımında yer alan vurgulanmış, ve tezim erekleri kısaca tanıtılmıştır. Tezin ikinci bölümünde konu. alanının tanıtılması için mutfak, mutfakta yer alan eylemler, eylem alanları ve zon lar arası ilişkiler belli bir sistematik açılım içinde ve rilmeye çalışılmaktadır. üçüncü bölüm ise, mutfak planlamasının kavramsal çer çevesi içinde, planlama ilkeleri ve onlara etkin eden sosyo-kültürel, sosyo-ekonomik ve teknolojik faktörleri içermektedir. Bu faktörlerin genel ve tümel etkileşimleri içinde teknolojik etkenlerin önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Dördüncü bölümde; teknolojik faktörler ele alınarak, mutfak tasarımına etkileri incelenmiştir. Teknolojinin; araç-gereç, ekipman, tesisat ve yapı bileşenlerine etkile ri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Tezin değerlendirmesi ve ulaşılan sonuçlar, ise son bölümde yer.almaktadır.

The kitchen, which was being under the floor, at the outside of the house and at a big room, where was for living and meeting in the ancient times, has a special place in today's house through the cultural, social - economical and technological developments. Through this developments also the claims of the owners' has growed as their social economical and cultural level. Therefore the theme of the thesis has been deterlined as modern kitchen planning and its effective factors. Also the new opinion of the technology in the conception of modern kitchens, tools, equipments, and installations has been studied in accordance with the building in detiâls and it is aimed to make an anallises as systematic for kitchen planning -principles and its interaction. The technological possibilities started in the years of 1950, and grows up very quickly brings a new dimension for the supplying and control of the actions, tools, equipments and the required environmental condi tions in the kitchens. In accordance with this the house- kitchens change the opinion as place and shows very different planning principles as in the old times. For example refrigator, dishwasher electrical -oven, microwave oven dust -grinding machine, ventilator and taking place of the similar equipments in the kitchen has supplied that this room is no confidential room any more and is a social status. As these examinations the technological developments influences the organization-principles of the residences in the house kitchens so as it is in the architectural - environments. The examination of this developments which is to se in the kitchen-planning-principles, is a thesis subject. vx At this period, that the years of 90, the domestic- Hx-Technology is being in a big and quickly variation. The micro-electronic renewals, industrial developments with the robots and the elans in the conception of searching and developing are going on. The studies for changing of the life-stil in the future are continuing very quickly. But at practice nothing is futurist or to be modernized. All these searchings are directed through the technology and made as the requirements of the people. With these studies it is aimed to require the maximum harmony, trust and the comfort. o The kitchen is on the way of being the most automatically unit of the house and will be too. o Also it must be esthetic. o The kitchen decked out with computer and monitor systems will be a place, where the £/amily can amuse itself. o The kitchen will also supply the required communica tion equipments. Today and in the near future only the place will be a problem. The dimensions of all of the units will be minimized. All of the kitchens must have an enjoyable and handy place for preparing of meal. But also the other factors must be taken in to consideration. And most important is the connection between the place, where it is cooked and where it is eaten. It has been developed different kitchens as the degrees of difference between the working and eating places. At the conception of the kitchen the reaction isalways different as the residence in the building, its organization, the actions and equipment in the residence and the social, economical and psychological situation of the owners. At conception also the problems, which comes through out these reactions, must be taken in considera tion. Also when the requirements of the owners the same is, the psychologycal conditions, family-structure, cultural - vxx level, social and economical conditions influences that. If we take the problem at this point in the hand, it is to see that the different requirements of the owners and the effective factors at supplying of these requirements are very important. Today, the place requirements of the dissimilar cultural groups and their using habitudes are different. Culture is an variableness at the planing of the residence. The beliefs, the tendencies, behaviours and the technological image, so as material and spiritual cultural means influence the requirements of the residence. Today we can see that an equipment, working place or systems, which has been planned for a group, are not being used productive by the other cultural groups. One of the most important reason of the difficulties is the antrometric difference of the cultural groups. For example the people of some races are tall and thind and the others short and thin and some of them are plumpish. On the other hand it has been fixed that the nutrittion- system of the cultural -groups has an influence on the antropometric-sizes and and not enough nutrition, diat or over nutrition changes the body sizes. For example the growing of the body-sizes in the high social and economical groups improves the good- nutrition. The other difficulties, which has a big influence at the using of the residence and the equipment are concer ning the life-style of the cultural groups. Essentially the planning of the kitchen includes the actual reqirements and the balance of the actual possi - bilities, so as it is in all architectural -environments. These possibilities includes the legal, organizational and technological dimensions and also the economical level of the owners1 and the public. At the planning of the kitchen: o income - level of the owners' viii o monthly consumption - amount o con sumption -amount for the kitchen, which are placed in the kitchen and their using-style, have an act. At a comprehensive kitchen-planning all of these factormust be taken in consideration. However because of the restriction of the thesis- field these factors has been not determined here. At the kitchen planning in linear dimension the most important factor is the technological developments and their principles. Now at this machine and electronics time the new technological products are placing in the kitchens and however the developing in the energy-typ and support systems, storage, organization of waste-systems and the new possibilities are supplying important principles for planning of these residences. Because of the aims of the thesis and its comprehen sive, i these technological factors must be observed and examinated in details. This problem will be determined with a similar analytical approximate in the next part. Kitchen planning is a conception made in consideration with its using, as a certain aim, the required tools, equipment, working place, and organization, the factors, which influences the kitchen -planning can be classified in groups o as social-cultural, o social -economical o and technical-factors, Because of the subject of the thesis, the social-cultural and social-economical factors are not determined here are only the influences of the technological factors at kitchen planning are studied in the 4th part. Today the high technology is in a big and quickly xx change. The searching and developing studies of the conseptions are continuing with the micro electronic newness and industrial developments with the robots. These newness will change the life-style in the future and are directed from the technology and they are as the requirements of the people. It is aimed to reach the max. harmony, comfort and trust at the end of these studies. So that the technologi cal developments have a big effect on the kitchen planning. For the examination of the technological factors at kitchen planning at first this conception must be framed.