Hubris: A conceptual analysis and its influence on individuals and societies

Abstract

This thesis aims to investigate whether the concept of hubris is inherently political in nature, by highlighting the role of individual and social influence intertwined with power. Hubris is known to cause social injustice and monotony as it stems from the desire to assert one's superiority by suppressing others. Thus, this study contends that the nature of hubris should be primarily discussed within the realms of ethics and politics. To achieve this, a methodological discussion is undertaken to demonstrate the interdependent effects of the individual and social manifestations of hubris, culminating in an integrative approach. The ideas on hubris from ancient, theological, enlightenment scholars, and contemporary thinkers are then explored to establish a solid foundation for the ensuing analysis. Utilizing the method of conceptual analysis, this study integrates auxiliary concepts such as arrogance, pride, vanity, narcissism, and pathological grandiosity, which share distinct parallels with hubris, to develop a comprehensive understanding of the concept. The thesis proceeds to examine the immorality of hubris through the lenses of three major ethical theories and ethical egoism, as well as the concept of pride as a virtue. By employing these theoretical frameworks, particularly MacIntyre's idea of justice as a virtue, it becomes evident why hubris contributes to injustice. Furthermore, the study delves into various examples of social hubris, illustrating its political nature and its inclusiveness at both the individual and social levels, as emphasized in the methodological approach. A close examination of the relationship between political hubris and politics as a form of friendship reveals the damaging effects of hubris on politics, solidarity, and ultimately, the common good. Finally, drawing on these insights, the dissertation proposes solutions to address the social injustice and monotony engendered by hubris, rooted in the principles of dialogic and deliberative democracy. Overall, this dissertation contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding hubris, shedding light on its political nature and providing ethical insights that may help foster a more just and harmonious society.