Nationalism, populism, and global governance: An inquiry into ideological tensions and normative challenges

Abstract

This research explores the significant influence of nationalism and populism on the dynamics of global governance. The central research question investigates how these ideologies impact global governance structures and the normative challenges and ethical dilemmas they present. To address this, the study begins by defining and conceptualizing nationalism and populism, outlining their core features and examining their manifestations in contemporary politics. The rise of these movements is attributed to various socio-economic, cultural, and political factors, which are thoroughly analyzed to provide a comprehensive understanding of their drivers and dynamics. The research then shifts focus to the field of global governance, providing an overview of its structures and dynamics, including international organizations, treaties, and norms. The challenges posed by nationalist and populist movements to the effectiveness and legitimacy of global governance institutions are critically examined. This section highlights how these movements question the foundations of global cooperation, emphasizing national sovereignty and often undermining multilateral efforts. A key part of the study explores the intersections between nationalism, populism, and global governance. It delves into how these ideologies influence state behavior in global forums and negotiations, and assesses their impact on pressing global issues such as climate change, migration, and economic globalization. The normative challenges posed by these movements to democratic principles, including pluralism, minority rights, and political participation, are also examined. Additionally, the study discusses the ethical dilemmas associated with nationalist and populist ideologies in the context of global governance and international cooperation. Through detailed case studies of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Hungary, the research provides in-depth analyses of how nationalist and populist movements have impacted global governance dynamics in specific countries. These case studies focus on the interactions between these movements, domestic politics, and global governance processes, offering concrete examples of the broader trends discussed. The responses of global governance institutions to the challenges posed by nationalist and populist movements are also explored. The study examines how international organizations and multilateral agreements have addressed these challenges and identifies potential strategies for reconciling nationalist and populist concerns with global governance goals. This includes discussions on dialogue, diplomacy, and compromise. In conclusion, the research summarizes the main findings and their implications for understanding the relationship between nationalism, populism, and global governance. It offers policy recommendations for addressing the challenges posed by these ideologies and suggests potential avenues for future research. These recommendations aim to provide a roadmap for policymakers and global governance practitioners to navigate the complex landscape shaped by the rise of nationalism and populism