Konut Projelerınde, “esneklık” Ve “adaptasyon”: Tebriz -iran Orneği
Konut Projelerınde, “esneklık” Ve “adaptasyon”: Tebriz -iran Orneği
Dosyalar
Tarih
2013-02-04
Yazarlar
Borna, Torkan
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Bir ihtiyaç ve insan hakki olan konut, kentleşmenin de temel unsurlarinden biridir. Kentleşme sanayi ve modernleşme süreçlerinin sonucu mekansal ve toplumsal yaşamdaki dönüsümü ifade eder. Endüstri devrimi sonrasi kırsal alanlardan kentlere yapilan göç ile sanayi kentleri oldukça hızlı büyümüstür. Gelisme sürecinde olan Tebriz ise büyümeye halen devam etmektedir. Hızlı nüfus artisi ve göç ile ortaya çikan büyüme, kontrol edilemez bir hal almaktadir.Konutta sayısal eksikliği, standardizasyonu çözüm olarak getimiştir. Bu durum ise, ailelerin değişken ihtiyaçlarina karşın onları aynı mekansal koşullar ve aynı konutlarda yasamaya mahkum etmistir. Hızlı konut insaatları, Tebriz de konut eksikliği için çözüm olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ancak, soru budur: “yaşam yeri aileleri memnun etmek için ve rahat bir yasam sürdüre bilmeleri icin, yeterince esnek midir? Esneklik kavramı değişik yönlerde büyüme ve gelişme olarak tanımlanabilir.Adaptasyon ise değişik koşullara uyum sağlamak olarak tanımlanabilir. Norberg-Schulz esnekliği iki anlamda kullanmaktadır. Birincisi, elemanlar ilavesi veyaçıkarılması yolu ile ve bütünlüğü kaybetmeden binanın büyümesi veya küçülmesidir. İkincisi ise elemanların ve ilişkilerin değiştirilebilmesidir. Buna hareketli bölmeler (sürme duvarlar, katlanan duvarlar, perde ve storlar) ile mekan bölümlerinin veya mekan elemanlarının çevreleme biçimlerinin değiştirilebilir olması örnek gösterilebilir. Tebriz’de, bir buyuk sehir ornegi olarak, nüfus artışı ve artan konut talebi sebebiyle, önceliklik her zaman nitelige degil nicelige verilmistir, ve zaman icinde, ailelerin kademeli değişikliklerini goz onunde bulundurmayarak yeterince esnek konut yapılmamıştır. Dolayısıyla, ailelerin memnuniyetini sağlamak için en önemli konulardan Adaptasyon ve Konut Esneklik her zaman planlamalarda, tasarimda ve insaat sureçlerinde geri planda kalmıştır. Bu calismada, konut ve planlama sistemi değerlendirmek istenmiş; bu amaçla de örnek çalışmalarin en önemli özellikleri, konut kullanıcılarıın fikir ve durumlarina göre, ve ileri çalışmalar için bir kaynak sunmak amacıyla Iran’ın megakentlerinden, Tebriz’in konut projelerinde konut esneklik sorununun analizi yapımıştır.
Housing issue is so sensitive, subject to the whole range of cyclic, non-cyclic and trend changes, and if it is not able to respond these changes, it becomes at best unsatisfactory, at worst obsolescent. Dwelling is inevitably dynamic, although it is too often framed intellectually and physically as the fixity.The vast majority of housing, in the developing countries is being built in inflexibility with its obsolescence. Traditional families with large number of people living in one unit, single-person families, couples with no children are some types of those who need houses and are in the low or medium class of the society. Deficiency in housing quantity has brought the solution of standardization and has made families with variable needs live in the same housing units with the same spatial conditions. Flexibility issue has been brought to discredit the preponderance of public buildings in 1960s by John Turner and John Habraken. In 1960s, Flexibility became a widespread design key title in response to new demands placed on buildings, particularly in housing. This issue becomes bolder in the countries which had recently been under the effect of urbanization, and their mega cities have experienced the rapid growth of population as a consequence of the housing deficiency, recently. The rapid growth of the quick construction of housing has been considered as the solution for the deficiency of accommodation in Tabriz. However, the question is “Are them flexible enough for their adapted residence in order to keep them satisfied with their living place?” Population growth and Housing demand have persuaded the priority for quantity not for quality and not for preparing suitable houses which meet family’s need that appear according to their gradual changes through the time. Adaptability and Housing Flexibility which are the most vital issues for providing family’s satisfaction have always been kept behind in planning, design and construction process of housing system. Thus, the evaluation of housing and planning system, in regard to their inhabitants opinion, who are the major characters in this research, it may be possible to analyze the issue of housing flexibility in some housing projects in one of the biggest cities of Iran, Tabriz, in order to present a resource for further studies.
Housing issue is so sensitive, subject to the whole range of cyclic, non-cyclic and trend changes, and if it is not able to respond these changes, it becomes at best unsatisfactory, at worst obsolescent. Dwelling is inevitably dynamic, although it is too often framed intellectually and physically as the fixity.The vast majority of housing, in the developing countries is being built in inflexibility with its obsolescence. Traditional families with large number of people living in one unit, single-person families, couples with no children are some types of those who need houses and are in the low or medium class of the society. Deficiency in housing quantity has brought the solution of standardization and has made families with variable needs live in the same housing units with the same spatial conditions. Flexibility issue has been brought to discredit the preponderance of public buildings in 1960s by John Turner and John Habraken. In 1960s, Flexibility became a widespread design key title in response to new demands placed on buildings, particularly in housing. This issue becomes bolder in the countries which had recently been under the effect of urbanization, and their mega cities have experienced the rapid growth of population as a consequence of the housing deficiency, recently. The rapid growth of the quick construction of housing has been considered as the solution for the deficiency of accommodation in Tabriz. However, the question is “Are them flexible enough for their adapted residence in order to keep them satisfied with their living place?” Population growth and Housing demand have persuaded the priority for quantity not for quality and not for preparing suitable houses which meet family’s need that appear according to their gradual changes through the time. Adaptability and Housing Flexibility which are the most vital issues for providing family’s satisfaction have always been kept behind in planning, design and construction process of housing system. Thus, the evaluation of housing and planning system, in regard to their inhabitants opinion, who are the major characters in this research, it may be possible to analyze the issue of housing flexibility in some housing projects in one of the biggest cities of Iran, Tabriz, in order to present a resource for further studies.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2013
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2013
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2013
Anahtar kelimeler
Adaptasyon,
Esneklik,
kullanıcı memnuniyeti,
Adaptability,
Flexibility,
User satisfaction