2000 yılında İstanbul'da özel araba sahipliğinin sorunlarına bir bakış

Abstract

İstanbul nüfusu ve konumu itibari ile dünyanın sayılı büyük kentlerinden biri olmuştur. Türkiye içinde başta gelen sanayi, ticaret, kültür ve turizm merkezidir. istanbul metropolitanının bugünkü kentsel alanı göçler ne deni ile yapısal doku farklılıkları ve değişik nüfus yoğunlukları göstermektedir. istanbul, motorlu taşıt sahipliliği açısından Türkiye'de başta gelen kent durumundadır. Kentteki taşıt trafiği eskiden beri sınırlı sayıda olan ve kent merkezine ulaşan anayollar üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu sebeble, yol kesitlerin genişletilmesi, öneri yol uygulamasına geçilmesi, yolcu taşıma sistemlerinin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. istanbul'da park yeri ve park etme sorununun büyük bir önemi vardır. Mevcut otoparklar ihtiyaca cevap verememektedir. Kent düzeyinde yaygın ve etkili bir kamu yolcu taşıması sağlanamadığı sürece kentin sorunlarının arta cağı bilinen bir gerçektir. istanbul nüfusunun hızla artması, otomobil sahipliliğinin hızla artması kenti yaşanılmaz duruma sokmaktadır. Tezin kapsamı, istanbul iline ait, bugüne kadar nüfus, motorlu taşıt, yollar ve otoparklar ile ilgili çalışmaları incelemek, verileri toplamak, 2000 yılına yönelik tahmini çıkarımlar yapmak ve sorunlarin çözümleri hakkında öneriler getirmektir. Günümüzden geleceğe doğru istanbul'un sorunlarına iyim ser yaklaşmak yerine, problemin veriler ve araştırmalar ışığı altında irdelenmesine çalışmaktır.

In order to reach to the knowledges of fixing the necessity of parking areas in Istanbul, the variation of population number of vehicle and cars are precedingly examined. By looking at the results of 1990 cencus and the annual increasing rates in the administrative dietrice, the population of Istanbul is accepted to be 13. 500. 000 by the beginning of 2000. istanbul shows a great variation both in the structure and population density today. Thats why the regions which were built without making any plans or half-mode plans shows an unhealthing places to settle. The using style of planned-used fields and the rights of buildings can not be fixed easily that's why the administrative districts which shows the spesif ications of a city such as Beyoğlu, Şişli, Beşiktaş, Eminönü, Fatih and Eyüp, are expected in this work and the necessity of making new regulations in Urbanisation is accepted and new population rates are counted due to this. The administrative districs which are beated in Istanbul Municipality borders such as Princes Islands, Çatalca, Şile, Silivri, Yalova are not taken in to consideration but all the others are taken. Istanbul has a priority of owing a wehicle in Turkey. For example in 1970-1975 and 1980 years the avarage numbers of car for 9000 person were 10. 4, 18. 7 and 29 but in Istanbul, they were 39. 7, 44. 8, 67. 9. -IX- The decisious of the governments on otomative industry, new car products, and the supporting or restricting decisions of goverment on import regine have also influence the number of the cars in cities. Some foreign companies produce cars in Turkey and this causes the reduce as the car prices so more people can easly afford to buy cars. In 1990 there were 2. 201. 000 registered cars in Turkey and 650. 000 of them are registered in Istanbul. So 7. 30 percent of the cars of Turkey are in Istanbul so from this point of view, the whole number of vehicles in 2000 years are thought. Population of town and parking area in 2000 in Istanbul -XII- In 1980, 24 percent of vehicles and 31 percent, of cars are having Istanbul Licence Plate and according to the 1989 Vehicles statics, the total number of vehicles in Istanbul was 516.051. This number is 2. 101.674 in the whole Turkey. And in 1989, 24. 55 percent of cars registered in Istanbul Licence Plate. The number of vehicles in Istanbul increased 4.5 times more between 1950-60 and this number increased 3 times more in 1960-70 and 1970-80 years. And in 1980-90 years this rate increased 2. 5 times. The list of vehicles, registered in Istanbul Traffic are given loclow. Vehicle number Motorbike 16. 091 Car 608. 017 Minibus 25. 582 Bus 19. 088 Trac 64. 300 Lory 68. 406 Tractor 10. 369 I If we examine the subject from this pant of view, we see, In 1989 the total car number for 1000 person was 25. 4 in Turkey but this rate was 56. 3 in Istanbul while the total number of vehicles in Turkey was 37. 2, It was 70. 6 in Istanbul. Istanbul is the most important city in Turkey. It's the conder of economy, culture and tourism. People from all over the world and differents parts of Turkey are coming to Istanbul for different purposes. So the traffic is become dense towords the main high ways. Although three is no very heavy traffic on the roads. The traffic is very slow because the geometrical standarts of the roads are not well-designed. -X- In 1980, 24 percent of vehicles and 31 percent, of cars are having Istanbul Licence Plate and according to the 1989 Vehicles statics, the total number of vehicles in Istanbul was 516.051. This number is 2. 101.674 in the whole Turkey. And in 1989, 24. 55 percent of cars registered in Istanbul Licence Plate. The number of vehicles in Istanbul increased 4.5 times more between 1950-60 and this number increased 3 times more in 1960-70 and 1970-80 years. And in 1980-90 years this rate increased 2. 5 times. The list of vehicles, registered in Istanbul Traffic are given loclow. Vehicle number Motorbike 16. 091 Car 608. 017 Minibus 25. 582 Bus 19. 088 Trac 64. 300 Lory 68. 406 Tractor 10. 369 I If we examine the subject from this pant of view, we see, In 1989 the total car number for 1000 person was 25. 4 in Turkey but this rate was 56. 3 in Istanbul while the total number of vehicles in Turkey was 37. 2, It was 70. 6 in Istanbul. Istanbul is the most important city in Turkey. It's the conder of economy, culture and tourism. People from all over the world and differents parts of Turkey are coming to Istanbul for different purposes. So the traffic is become dense towords the main high ways. Although three is no very heavy traffic on the roads. The traffic is very slow because the geometrical standarts of the roads are not well-designed. -X- For Towns, out of working, necessity of parking area in 2000 3. 239. 994, 00 M2 Town/parking area 3.731,00/3.24= V. 0.087 For towns, in working, necessity of parking area in 2000 90. £82. 911, 00 M2 Town/parking area 1. 981, 00/90. 68=% 4. 58 In 2000 years, there will be 6.647.000 cars and 7.347.000 vehicles in Turkey and 3. 640. 000 cars, 6. 532. 000 other vehicles will be in Istanbul. There are some certain creterias in order to fix and compare the advantage and disadvantage of public transportation systems. The importance level of this creterias changes from parsanges point of view, planners point of view and managers point of view. When the public transportation system is searched. It's seen that byckle and motor-bikes are unsafety, rather cheap and restricted in using. On the other hand cars are very suitable for the wanted specifications. Dolmuş are less conf ortable than taxies but it's als prefered by most of the people. Buses are mostly chosen because of being cheap. So the best solution for Istanbul The public transportation. To creat an unused capacity in transportation is a kind of extravagancy but it's also wrong to wait for the transportations system being created by itself and also, it's true tha the trafic will be locked in 2000 years if we do not get enough precauions from today.