Türkiye De Peyzaj Mimarlığı Mesleği Ve Uygulamalarında Niteliğin Yükseltilmesine Yönelik Bir Model Önerisi
Türkiye De Peyzaj Mimarlığı Mesleği Ve Uygulamalarında Niteliğin Yükseltilmesine Yönelik Bir Model Önerisi
Dosyalar
Tarih
2014-05-08
Yazarlar
Kıray, Zeynep Demiröz
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Her meslek gibi, peyzaj mimarlığının da, örgün eğitim almış, bilgi ve becerilerini deneyimle geliştirip pekiştirmiş profesyonellerce uygulanması önemlidir. “Peyzaj mimarlığı mesleği uygulamalarının çevre ve toplum sağlığı, güvenliği ve refahı üzerinde doğrudan etkilerinin olması, mesleğin yetkin profesyoneller tarafından uygulanmasını gerektirir” hipotezine dayalı çalışmada öncelikle, “yetkinlik” kavramının temelini oluşturan, mesleğin “temel bilgi alanları” belirlenmiştir. Hatalı, ihmalkar uygulamaların olumsuz sonuçları, potansiyel tehlikelerin tanımlanmasıyla gösterilmiş; belirlenen olumsuz sonuçların, tasarım ve uygulamaların yetkin olmayan kişiler tarafından yapılmasından kaynaklandığını kanıtlamıştır. İncelemeler, mesleğin yeterli bilgi, beceri ve deneyime sahip ve bu bütünü mesleki ahlak kurallarına sadık kalarak kullanan profesyonellerce uygulanmasının, meslek pratiğinin düzenlenmesi ile sağlanabileceğini göstermiştir. Çalışmada, ek bir yöntem olarak, Uluslararası Peyzaj Mimarları Federasyonu IFLA üyesi yetmiş ülkede, mesleğin konumu ve yetkin profesyonellerce uygulanmasının sağlanması açısından yürürlüğe konmuş düzenlemelerin belirlenebilmesi için, uluslararası bir anket düzenlenmiştir. Türkiye ve dünyadaki diğer ülkelerde, meslek pratiğindeki düzenlemelerin karşılaştırılması, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Almanya ve Güney Afrika’nın, peyzaj mimarlığı mesleği pratiğinin en sıkı şekilde düzenlendiği ülkeler olduğunu göstermiştir. Mesleki düzenlemelerin olduğu, ancak uygulanmasında sıkıntıların yaşandığı ülkemizde, profesyonellerin kendi çalışmalarını belirli temel konularda denetleyecekleri, “bireysel kontrol” sisteminin, uygulanabilir bir model olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edinilen bilgiler ışığında, birincisi çevrenin korunması, ikincisi toplum sağlığı ve güvenliğinin korunması için, tasarım ve uygulamalarda dikkat edilmesi gereken konuları içeren, iki ayrı kontrol listesi hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca, dünyada yedi ülkede görülen, sadece Oda’nın belirlediği mesleğe kabul koşullarını yerine getirmiş profesyonel üyelere verilen özel ünvanlarla, hizmetlerin, nitelik ve yetkinlikleri garantilenmiş bu profesyonellerden alınmasının teşvik edildiği sistem, uygulanabilir bir model olarak önerilmiştir.
Like every other profession, it is crucial that landscape architecture is practiced by professionals who have formal education and sufficient experience in which they have established and improved their knowledge and skills. In this study, based on the hypothesis that “due to the significant impact of landscape architectural work on the environment and on public health, safety and welfare, the profession must be practiced by competent professionals”, the foundation of the concept of competency, the profession’s “body of knowledge areas” were identified. The negative impact of incompetent, negligent practices were demonstrated with the potential to cause harm and it was proven that the incompetent practice was the main cause of the analyzed impacts. Research has shown that the practice of landscape architecture by professionals who have sufficient knowledge, skills and experience and a dedication to code of ethics could be achieved by proper professional regulation. As a second research method, an international survey among seventy International Federation of Landscape Architects (IFLA) member countries was conducted, to be able to determine the position of the profession and the method of regulations used to ensure the practice by qualified professionals in these countries. The analysis of the regulations in Turkey and around the world showed that the United States, Germany and South Africa are three countries where the profession is regulated at the highest level. A self-practice code, where the professionals would inspect their own work in certain basic areas, was determined to be the most applicable method for Turkey, where there currently is a professional regulation; however, there are issues in the enforcement of the set requirements. Aided with literature findings, two separate check lists; one for the protection of the environment and the other for the protection of public health and safety were prepared to be used as a reference in self inspection. Additionally, as seen in seven countries in the world, the system in which a special protected title is granted to professional members who possess the qualifications set by the national associations, was proposed as an applicable model.
Like every other profession, it is crucial that landscape architecture is practiced by professionals who have formal education and sufficient experience in which they have established and improved their knowledge and skills. In this study, based on the hypothesis that “due to the significant impact of landscape architectural work on the environment and on public health, safety and welfare, the profession must be practiced by competent professionals”, the foundation of the concept of competency, the profession’s “body of knowledge areas” were identified. The negative impact of incompetent, negligent practices were demonstrated with the potential to cause harm and it was proven that the incompetent practice was the main cause of the analyzed impacts. Research has shown that the practice of landscape architecture by professionals who have sufficient knowledge, skills and experience and a dedication to code of ethics could be achieved by proper professional regulation. As a second research method, an international survey among seventy International Federation of Landscape Architects (IFLA) member countries was conducted, to be able to determine the position of the profession and the method of regulations used to ensure the practice by qualified professionals in these countries. The analysis of the regulations in Turkey and around the world showed that the United States, Germany and South Africa are three countries where the profession is regulated at the highest level. A self-practice code, where the professionals would inspect their own work in certain basic areas, was determined to be the most applicable method for Turkey, where there currently is a professional regulation; however, there are issues in the enforcement of the set requirements. Aided with literature findings, two separate check lists; one for the protection of the environment and the other for the protection of public health and safety were prepared to be used as a reference in self inspection. Additionally, as seen in seven countries in the world, the system in which a special protected title is granted to professional members who possess the qualifications set by the national associations, was proposed as an applicable model.
Açıklama
Tez (Doktora) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2014
Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014
Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2014
Anahtar kelimeler
Mesleki yetkinlik,
Sürdürülebilir çevre,
Toplum sağlığı,
güvenliği ve refahı.,
Professional competency,
Sustainable environment,
The protection of public health,
safety and welfare.