Planlamada coğrafi bilgi sistemlerinin kullanımı

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi tanımları, kapsamı işleyişi incelenmiştir. Konunun daha iyi açıklanması amacıyla CBS'nin kullanım alanlarına örnekler verilmiştir. CBS ' nin planlamada kullanımı konusunda ise daha ayrıntılı bilgiler verilmiştir. Çeşitli ülkelerden CBS uygulamaları da planlamada CBS kullanımının daha açıklayıcı olabilmesi için verilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmaların uygulaması konusunda da Kadıköy Belediyesi Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi anlatılmış ve bir pilot proje örneği ile saha çalışması yapılmıştır.

The subject. of this thesis is the use of Geographic Informat-ion Systerns in Planning. in these days t-he use of computers ar e ve r y r ar e in planing. The r e ar e a l ot of benefit-s in using GIS at. planning. But in our country it is not using f ör planning. The reason f ör this is the high costs of software and hardware in very few days and thhe lack of knowledge f ör using cornputers in the planning sector.în these days the costs för hardware and software are reduced and SİS can work on these platforma. But the sector is stili not farniliar wıth SİS. The people does not have enough knowledge about SİS and this restricts the use of SİS f ör planning and getting the bene f i ts of SİS. The purpose of this thesis is to give soma explanations on GIS and on the bas i c concepts that it includes, to give sorne exarnples of uses of GIS in planning and sorne cases where SİS is used, therefore to rnake contribution to the eKpanded use of GIS in planning. in the first chapter, an introduction of the thesis is given. The answers f ör the question "Why GIS in planning?" is given. Then the contents of the thesis is rnentioned. in the second chapter, sorne definitions of GIS and definitions of sorne basic concepts in GIS are taking place. in the third chapter, the uses of GIS in planning are rnentioned. The criteria that has to be handled in designing of the GIS för planning process are explained. Sorne examples to the uses of GIS frorn several countries are given. Fifth chapter includes a case study. A pilot project rnade f ör Kadıköy Municipality is chosen as a case study. Graphic and non-graphic data and inforrnation needs? database design for the project and sorne exarnples of appl ications are rnentioned. Final ly a conclusion is taking place. The r e are rnany definitions of «31 S. in a r e f er ence (ESRIfi993) it is deser ibed as s An organized collection of cornputer hardware, software, geographic data and personal designed to efficiently capt-ure, stere, update, rnanipulate, analyse, and display ali forrns of geographical l y referenced inforrnation. Altough various definitions of GIS exist, the basis of SİS are cornrnon for ali deşeription. ftata and inforrnation is the basis. The types of data in GIS is also cornrnon for ali references. Two types of data are rnentioned. First- is spatial, that rneans geographically referenced and the second is the deşer i pt-i ve, that rneans which g i ve deşer iption of that spatial data. Spatial data can be handled in two structure. Öne of this structure is vectoral and the other is raster. Another irnportant /concept of öIS is "database". There are three types of database. First is hierarchical database, network databse is the second öne and finally relational database is the third type. Relational database is the rnost easy-to-use and rnost comrnon type. GIS can be distinguished by listing the types of questions it can answer. For any application there are five generic questions that a SİS can answer. Locations The first of these questions seeks to find out what exists at a partiçular location A location can be described in rnany ways using,