Taşkın yataklı kesitlerde anayatak-taşkın yatağı

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, taşkın sırasında akarsuların etrafındaki araziye yayılıp, can ve mal kaybına neden olmasını önlemek amacıyla yapılan taşkın yataklı kanallardaki, ana kanal akımı ile taşkın yatağı akımının arasındaki etkileşim incelenmiştir. Bunun için 26 m uzunluğunda ve 0.98x0.46 m enkesitli, efimi değiştirilebilen bir kanal da, 5.45 cm yüksekliğinde ve 24 cm genişliğinde çift taraflı, simetrik taşkın yatakları teşkil edilmiş kanal da Çeşitli deneyler yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde taşkın yataklı kanalların yapılış gerekçeleri, çeşitleri ve taşkın yataklı kanallardaki ana kanal ile taşkın yatağı arasındaki etkileşimin nedeni hakkında bilgi verilmeye çalışılmış tır. İkinci bölümde, konu ile ilgili literatür araştırması verilmiştir. üçüncü bölümde, laboratuvarda yapılan deneysel çalışma hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Bu kısmın ilk alt bölümünde, deneysel çalışmanın yapıldığı kanal hakkında detaylı bilgi ile kanalın çeşitli açılardan çekilmiş fotoğrafları verilmiştir. İkinci alt bölümde, deneylerin yapılışı ve ölçümlerin alınışı anlatılmış, bir sonraki alt bölümde deneylerin hangi şartlarda yapıldığı ve deney sonuçları verilmiştir. Dördüncü alt bölümde sırasıyla, deney sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi ve literatür Çalışmalarıyla karşılaştırılması yer almak tadır. Dördüncü bölümde, bu çalışmanın genel anlamda değerlendirilmesi yapılmış ve bunlar maddeler halinde verilmiştir.

In this study, the interaction of main channel and flood plain flows were investigated. Humanbeings need water to lead their lives just like many other living creatures. Therefore, they prefer ; those places near sea, lake and river where they can supply it. However, living near such places is both useful and dangerous. Especially, floods, may results in loss of life and material near these places. For example, Holland and South Vietnam, 5 % of the surface area of USA, 10 % of Yellow River (Hwang-ho) basin in China and the great part of lower Ceyhan and Seyhan plains in Turkey are under the influence of floods. According to their formation, we can classify floods as follows: 1. Rain 2. Snow melting 3. Heaped ice 4. Glacier break 5. Landslide 6. Dam break There are various methods to control the areas surrounding rivers. One of them is to build a flood plain along the channel. The shape of flood plains can be double-sided or single-sided trapezoidal (1,2) and double-sided or single-sided rectangular (3,4) as follows: wjw/w» «www 7 \ 1 2 7//S/////WA \V\VAV\\\\V ?v»w>vv\\\\w 4 \\vvw^\\\\vw I ax INTERACTION OF MAIN CHANNEL AND FLOOD PLAIN FLOWS SUMMARY In this study, the interaction of main channel and flood plain flows were investigated. Humanbeings need water to lead their lives just like many other living creatures. Therefore, they prefer ; those places near sea, lake and river where they can supply it. However, living near such places is both useful and dangerous. Especially, floods, may results in loss of life and material near these places. For example, Holland and South Vietnam, 5 % of the surface area of USA, 10 % of Yellow River (Hwang-ho) basin in China and the great part of lower Ceyhan and Seyhan plains in Turkey are under the influence of floods. According to their formation, we can classify floods as follows: 1. Rain 2. Snow melting 3. Heaped ice 4. Glacier break 5. Landslide 6. Dam break There are various methods to control the areas surrounding rivers. One of them is to build a flood plain along the channel. The shape of flood plains can be double-sided or single-sided trapezoidal (1,2) and double-sided or single-sided rectangular (3,4) as follows: wjw/w» «www 7 \ 1 2 7//S/////WA \V\VAV\\\\V ?v»w>vv\\\\w 4 \\vvw^\\\\vw I ax In the fourth and last section, the results of the study are given generally. XIV INTERACTION OF MAIN CHANNEL AND FLOOD PLAIN FLOWS SUMMARY In this study, the interaction of main channel and flood plain flows were investigated. Humanbeings need water to lead their lives just like many other living creatures. Therefore, they prefer ; those places near sea, lake and river where they can supply it. However, living near such places is both useful and dangerous. Especially, floods, may results in loss of life and material near these places. For example, Holland and South Vietnam, 5 % of the surface area of USA, 10 % of Yellow River (Hwang-ho) basin in China and the great part of lower Ceyhan and Seyhan plains in Turkey are under the influence of floods. According to their formation, we can classify floods as follows: 1. Rain 2. Snow melting 3. Heaped ice 4. Glacier break 5. Landslide 6. Dam break There are various methods to control the areas surrounding rivers. One of them is to build a flood plain along the channel. The shape of flood plains can be double-sided or single-sided trapezoidal (1,2) and double-sided or single-sided rectangular (3,4) as follows: wjw/w» «www 7 \ 1 2 7//S/////WA \V\VAV\\\\V ?v»w>vv\\\\w 4 \\vvw^\\\\vw I ax In the fourth and last section, the results of the study are given generally.