Bilgi iletişiminde etkinlik

Abstract

Günümüzde gerek genişleyen ve karmaşıklaşan işletme yapılarının, gerekse özellikle ülkemizde çağın gelişimine uyum sağlamaya çalışan orta ve küçük ölçekli kuruluşların etkin ve verimli çalışmasında, bilgi iletişim olanaklarının etkin kullanımının önemi giderek artmaktadır. Yönetim bilişim sistemleri, işletmeye ve çevresine ait tüm verileri bir bütün olarak değerlendirerek, her fonksiyonel grubun ve her yönelim kademesinin bigi ihtiyacını karşılamayı amaç edindiğinden, tüm alt sistemlerin işletme temel amaçlarını gerçekleştirmeye yönelik olarak entegre bir biçimde çalışmalarına olanak sağlayacaktır. Birinci bölümde, bilginin tanımı, özellikleri, veri ve bilgi kavramları arasındaki ilişkiler ve bilgi gereksiniminin nedenleri ele alınmaktadır. İkinci bölümde, yönetim bilişim sistemlerine ilişkin temel bilgilere yer verilmekle ve yönetim bilişim sistemlerinde etkinliğin arttırılması konusu incelenmektedir. Üçüncü bölümde ise. üzerinde etkin bir bilgi sistemi kurulabilmesi için. öncelikle işletme sisteminin ve birbirleriyle iletişim gereksinimi duyan temel fonksiyonel birimlerin tanınması ve aralarındaki iletişim tıkanıklıklarının incelenmesi gereğinden yola çıkarak, üretim işletmelerine ilişkin bir analiz çalışması yapılmıştır.

Today, both in the management structures that grow wider and more complex and in the medium and small scale foundations, especially in our country, that are trying to keep up with the developing age, the information-communication networkhas an increasing importance. Since management Information Systems aim to provide the information required by each functional group and each management level by evaluating the data belonging to the foundation and the environment as a whole, they will help all subsystems to work in harmony trying to achieve the fundamental targets of the foundation. The goals of a Management information system can be divided into following categories - Cntral data base construction - Improvements on data connectness and timeliness - Procedure standardisation - Elimination of unnecessary decision points - Elimination of unnecessary control procedures - Office automation In the first chapter, the definition oi information, its charasteristics and the requirements for it are considered. vjij The viewing of facts and events appropriate for communication or prossesing purposses, by people and/or by machinery are called data and the statements that are created by processing these facts and events for certain purposes are called information. The requirement information communication in a foundation depends on the scale of the foundation, the distribution of responsibility and authority between departments and the hierarchical structure of the management levels that the organisation is composed of. The essential characteristics of the information that is produced and communicated are listed below. - Having a correctness ratio appropriate to its quality and usage purpose - Being at the right place at the right time - Having a unity in purpose - Having enough contents and details appropriate to the purpose In the second chapter, the basic facts and developments about management information systems (MIS) are considered and güvüng some information about establishing an effectiveness MIS and going on. So. we discussed some related topics like data base management systems, data security, Performance management of the MIS. 4th generations technology, decision-support system and expert systems etc. Management information system can be defined as the producing and communicating of correct and meaning information at the right time decisive units that will arange the relations between the human, machinery, material and capital elements in the appropriate way in order for foundation to achieve the goals in the most effective way. IX The basic components of management information systems are: - Hardware. Central processing unit(s). Information storage units. Input/output terminals - Software. Operating System programs. Library programs - Data bank. Related data groups that contain data about different users - Manpower. Systems analists. Programmers. System Operators. Key- punch operators. Managers The essential caharacteristics of Management information systems are listed below - The subsystems that form the information systemshould have a modular structure - In information production, the subsystems should use the data belonging to the system as a whole and the optimisation should be done regarding the whole system. - The system should be most flexible and should have a structure appropriate to possible future changes. - It should give the necessary outputs to all levels in management. - The information that serves a spesific purpose should be gathered togather in an apprpriate format. - It should be convenient and easy to operate. In the third chapter, the management system is considered in broad terms and the primary functional groups that need to communicate with each other are examined. Today the constantly changing and developing new management methods concentrate on increasing the efficiency and the effectiveness in the foundation, increasing the sensitivity of individualsand the managers on their work and working problems and giving opportunity to the individuals in solving their problems. A foundation consists of working units which carry out the primary functions in achieving the fundamental goals and which need to communicate with each other and with the environment of the foundation in order to carry out their functions. For the reveal the relations between these working units, it is necessary to determine detailed responsibility and authority limits. XI The primary functional subunits of a producing foundation are listed below. - Production Planning - Material Requirement Planning - Puchasing - Enterence of goods - Enterence Quality Control - Technical Service - Technical Planning - Production Guiding - Production - Quality Control For the reorganisation of the present information systems and the designing of new ones, the present process and information flow should be determined in detail firstly. The points that should be researched in analyising the information flow can be summarized such: - From where and how is the information obtained? - Who uses the information for what pupose? - İs new information produced as a result of using the arriving information? If so, how is it recorded and whom and how it is sent?