Yayın: Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Modernleşmesinde Bir Sanayileşme Örneği: Paşabahçe Rakı Ve İspirto Fabrikası
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Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
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Kurtuluş Savaşı’ndan sonra Osmanlı’nın eski toplumsal düzeninden koparak, yerine çağdaş batılı modellere uygun bir düzen getiren yeni Türk devleti, 1920’lerde ülkede yoğun bir çağdaşlaşma programı başlatmıştır. 1930’dan sonra tüm dünyayı etkileyen ekonomik buhrandan Türkiye de büyük ölçüde etkilenmiş, ülkedeki iç ticaret dengelerinin bozulması, ülkenin en önemli gelir kaynağı olan tarımsal ihracatın azalması ve hükümetin gelirlerinin düşmesi gibi krizin sebep olduğu etkiler sonucunda, sanayileşme fikri gündeme gelmiştir. Özel sektörün endüstrileşme yolundaki sorunları çözme konusunda yetersiz kalması nedeniyle, sanayileşme, ekonomik ve politik olarak devletin kontrolüne geçmiştir. Birinci Sanayi Planı ile ülkenin dört bir yanında büyük ölçekli sanayi kompleksleri kurulmuş ve bu kompleksler demiryolu ağları ile kentlere bağlanmıştır. Bunların bir örneği de İstanbul’un hafif sanayi bölgesi olan Paşabahçe’de yer alan Rakı ve İspirto Fabrikası’dır. 1937 yılında, mimar Ahsen Yapanar tarafından tasarlanan bu rakı fabrikası günümüzde hala ayaktadır fakat üretim yapmamaktadır. Paşabahçe Rakı ve İspirto Fabrikası, erken cumhuriyet dönemi modernizmine ait rasyonel ve fonsksiyonalist mimarinin izlerini taşıyan bir yapı olması açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır.
After the Turkish War of Independence, the newborn republic, which has broken off from the old Ottoman structure of society and has established an order in harmony with modern western models, started an intensive modernization program in 1920s. After 1930, Turkey was affected severely as well from the Great Depression and as a result of the effects of the Depression like changing domestic trade balance, decreasing the agricultural exports, which was the most important income source of the country, and the decline of government revenues; the notion of industrilization has become a current issue. Because of the incompetency of the private sector in resolving the issues on the way of business and commerce, the government took the control of industrilization economically and politically. With the First Industry Plan prepared within the Statist industrilization Policies, large scale industry complexes were set up and connected to the cities with railroad webs. A sample of these complexes is the Raki and Ispirto Factory located in Istanbul’s light industrial zone, Pasabahce. In 1937, it has been decided to build a Raki Factory which still stands today but not functioning had been designed by Ahsen Yapanar, the architect. Pasabahce Raki ve Ispirto (ethyl alcohol) has a great importance in the sense that it is a building bearing the marks of rational and functional architecture of early republican modernism.
After the Turkish War of Independence, the newborn republic, which has broken off from the old Ottoman structure of society and has established an order in harmony with modern western models, started an intensive modernization program in 1920s. After 1930, Turkey was affected severely as well from the Great Depression and as a result of the effects of the Depression like changing domestic trade balance, decreasing the agricultural exports, which was the most important income source of the country, and the decline of government revenues; the notion of industrilization has become a current issue. Because of the incompetency of the private sector in resolving the issues on the way of business and commerce, the government took the control of industrilization economically and politically. With the First Industry Plan prepared within the Statist industrilization Policies, large scale industry complexes were set up and connected to the cities with railroad webs. A sample of these complexes is the Raki and Ispirto Factory located in Istanbul’s light industrial zone, Pasabahce. In 1937, it has been decided to build a Raki Factory which still stands today but not functioning had been designed by Ahsen Yapanar, the architect. Pasabahce Raki ve Ispirto (ethyl alcohol) has a great importance in the sense that it is a building bearing the marks of rational and functional architecture of early republican modernism.
Tanım
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2011
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2011
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Modern Türk Mimarlığı, Sanayileşme, Devletçi Sanayi Politikaları, Modern Turkish Architecture, Industrialization, The Politics of Statist Industrialization
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