LEE- Endüstri Ürünleri Tasarımı Lisansüstü Programı - Doktora
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ÖgeEl yapımı takı tasarımında müşteri gereksinimlerinin kano modeli ile sınıflandırılması: Oltu taşı örneği(Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023-08-29)Bu çalışmada, zanaatkârın tasarımcıyla iş birliği yaparak ürettiği el yapımı ürünlerde pazarlamanın, yani tüketici beklentilerinin belirlenmesi ile elde edilecek bilginin işletmenin başarısına katkısı tartışılmaktadır. Zanaatkâr ve tasarımcı arasındaki iş birliği ile tasarlanan el yapımı ürünlerde pazarlamanın desteği ile aranan özelliklerin belirlenmesini ve bu özelliklerin yaratacağı tatmin düzeyini belirlemeyi amaç edinen bu çalışmayla, zanaatkârların ürün tasarımına katacakları ürün özellikleri ve bu özelliklerin yaratabileceği etkiler görünür ve ölçülebilir hâle gelmiştir. Bunun için araştırmaya konu olan üç zanaat ürününün karşıladığı gereksinimler ortaya çıkarılarak ürünlerin tüketicide yarattığı memnuniyet düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Zanaatkâr, tüketiciyi memnun edecek ürün özellikleri konusunda aydınlatılmıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilecek bilgiler, zanaatkârın gelecekte üreteceği zanaat ürünlerinin özelliklerine yön vermesi ve ayrıca kaynak israfının önlenmesi açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Bu amaca uygun olarak yaptığımız araştırmada tüketici beklenti ve gereksinimlerini belirlemede en uygun metodun Kano olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kano modeli, tüketicinin gereksinimlerine yönelik olarak ürün özelliklerini sınıflandırarak karar vericilerin önceliklerinin ağırlıklandırılmasına olanak tanır. (Meng, vd., 2016). Bu yaklaşım, müşteri memnuniyetini artırma ve rakiplerden farklılaşma konusunda yüksek potansiyel sağlayacak ürün özelliklerinin belirlenmesine ve bu sayede işletmenin pazardaki varlığını sürdürmesine katkıda bulunur. Bu çalışmada yukarıda belirtilen avantajları sağladığı ve zanaatkârın tüketici gereksinimlerini daha iyi anlamasına yardımcı olduğu için Kano modeli kullanılmıştır. Model, ürün veya hizmetlerde tüketicilerin gizli ve açık tüm gereksinimlerinin karşılanması gerektiği varsayımına dayanmaktadır (Shahin ve Zairi, 2009). Çünkü günümüzde giderek artan rekabet ve ürün çeşitliliği karşısında tüm işletmelerin başlıca problemi, müşteri memnuniyetini ve farklılaşmayı sağlama noktasında yaşanan sıkıntılardır. Pazarda başarılı olmanın yolu müşteri ihtiyaçlarını anlamak, beklentilere uygun ürün tasarlamak ve geliştirmektir. Bunun için müşteri ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi, yorumlanması ve zanaat ürünlerine bu doğrultuda yön verilmesi gerekir. Bu araştırma sonucunda bulgular Kano sınıflandırmasının üç kategoride toplandığını göstermektedir. Bunlar; "heyecan verici", "beklenen" ve "olması gereken" kategorileridir. Zanaatkarlığın ruhuna ve literatüre uygun şekilde, "el işçiliği", "özel tasarım" ve "doğadan esinlenme" özelliklerinin tüm analizlerde heyecan verici gereksinimler arasında yer aldığı görülmüştür. Bu özelliklerin, müşteriler için en fazla memnuniyet sağlayacak ve dolayısıyla zanaatkarın başarısına katkıda bulunacak gereksinimler olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
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ÖgeEffects of user experience of smart artifacts on perceived smartness(Graduate School, 2025-03-28)Smart artifact domestication has been transforming the home environment into a hybrid environment of physical and digital worlds. It has also affected the behaviors, expectations, frustrations, mindsets, and interactions of individuals with smart artifacts. Correspondingly, the definition of smartness is reconstructed by individuals who are the subject of the user experience of smart artifacts. This thesis investigates the impact of user experience with a focus on cognitive and emotional aspects on the perceived smartness of smart artifacts, aiming to better understand what users expect when a smart artifact is identified as 'smart'. With the rapid domestication of smart artifacts, ensuring user experience that enhances the smartness of the artifact and user experience from individuals' perspectives is of utmost importance. The purpose is to give attention to individuals' points of view and to contribute to the theoretical frameworks about how the users perceive what makes a smart artifact smart. The focus of this thesis is on understanding how emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience influence the perceived smartness concept. The study uses the user experience of smart artifacts as a tool by basing the research on the emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience in the first stage. In the second stage, it investigates the hypothetical relationship between the emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience and the perceived smartness concept. The thesis addresses three research questions as follows: • How do cognitive and emotional aspects of user experience influence the perceived smartness of users? • How do affordances and different interaction modes of smart artifacts affect user experience and perceived smartness? • How do individuals give meaning to smart artifacts, their user experience, and their smartness in relation to interaction modes? Selection of the exemplary smart artifacts is based on a smartness characteristics definition map designed by analyzing the previous smartness studies in the literature. Definitions from the previous studies are used as a base for a thematic analysis to structure the smartness characteristics definition map. Followingly, 15 smart artifacts are gathered from e-commerce websites, analyzed, and evaluated based on the smartness characteristics definition map. In the end, 3 smart artifacts, robot vacuum cleaners, smartwatches, and smart speakers, are selected as exemplary smart artifacts for the study. These smart artifacts also provide different affordances from each other by being mobile, being able to be controlled by voice, and being wearable technology. The exemplary smart artifacts are also analyzed based on their multimodal interaction modes, participation and communication types, and sensory levels. Pilot studies are conducted with 2 participants to understand if the selection of research methodologies is effective in researching emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience and their effects on the perceived smartness concept. The online research study is conducted to understand if user comments as narratives are efficient in understanding the emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience and their effects on the perceived smartness concept. Finally, based on the insights gathered from the pilot study and the online research study, the research methodology of the case study is structured. The research study adopted a multi-layered methods approach to provide a comprehensive analysis. Initially, use sessions are conducted with participants, which are followed by a WhatsApp research study and questionnaires via Google Forms. Followingly, a series of semi-structured interviews is conducted with participants to gather insights into common user experience understanding. Lastly, a mapping study was conducted along think-aloud protocols to understand the relation between user experience and perceived smartness of smart artifacts. The second phase of the mapping study aimed to understand which functions and characteristics of the smart artifacts ensure that the smart artifacts are defined as 'smart' by the participants. The gathered data were used to analyze the emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience and how these aspects influence the overall perceived smartness. To achieve this, all gathered data is analyzed by three levels of thematic analysis. In the first round, the data is divided into differentiated but meaningful bits of narratives, and the initial sub-themes are generated. In the second round, sub-themes are related to the emotional and cognitive aspects of UX, and parent themes are generated. In the third round, the generated sub-themes, parent themes, and emotional and cognitive aspects of UX relations are categorized under generated concepts that are umbrella terms for the key findings of the study. Focusing on the analyzed outcomes, about emotional aspects of UX of smart artifacts, emotional engagement, and intriguing existence concepts emerged. About cognitive aspects of UX of smart artifacts, gratifying experience, competence enhancement, connectivity, desirability, and identity attributions to the artifact concepts have emerged. As the results present, creating emotional engagement in users by talkability of an artifact, by interaction modes that can be defined emotional rather than robotic, and providing affordances and features that lead the users to characterize and humanize smart artifacts encourage users to emotionally bond with smart artifacts can lead the users to identify smart artifacts as smart. Also, it is seen that providing motivating and surprising interactions, and situations as intriguing experiences influence the perceived smartness positively. Secondly, focusing on the cognitive aspects of the user experience, it is seen that providing gratifying experiences that exceed user expectations and are better than other devices or the user's capabilities is found to be superior, which influences the perceived smartness positively. Enhancing the user's competence and abilities, both physically and mentally, and liberating the user from other devices, also affects the perceived smartness. In some error situations, smartness of the users is questioned by the users themselves. It is seen that by making information, other people, and other devices more accessible, the connectivity of a smart artifact transfers the smartness of the Internet, or other smart artifacts, to themselves, which leads participants to define the smart artifacts as smart. It has emerged that desirability depends on the smart artifact being a stylish and advanced technology product that has additional value compared to other artifacts, and by affecting the identity of the user, positively influencing the perceived smartness. Lastly, identity attributions of being familiar, flexible, and trust-worthy have a positive impact on the perceived smartness. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that apart from ergonomic aspects of UX, such as usability and efficiency, emotional and cognitive aspects of UX are also pivotal elements for enhancing the perceived smartness of smart artifacts. By paying attention to the emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience, designers can create smart artifacts that are not only functional and efficient but also engaging and satisfying in terms of perceived smartness. The implications of this research are twofold. Firstly, it provides comprehensive insights about the emotional and cognitive aspects of the UX of smart artifacts for designers to take into account in the early phases of smart artifact design processes. Secondly, it contributes to the academic discourse by offering a conceptualization of emotional and cognitive aspects of UX that influence perceived smartness from the users' perspective. While the study highlights the emotional and cognitive aspects of user experience that influence perceived smartness, it also acknowledges its limitations, such as the number of participants and the exemplary smart artifact group, which can be extended in different studies.
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ÖgeInnovation management in design-intensive family firms from office furniture manufacturing industry: A dynamic capability perspective from an emerging market(Graduate School, 2022-12-02)This study aims to explore four aspects: the strategies of design-intensive family firms to manage innovation, the effect of familiness – unique resources and capabilities of a firm resulting from family involvement – on this process, how these strategies change in the business environment of an emerging market through a dynamic capability perspective, and, finally, how design acts as an innovation driver and contributes to the development of these dynamic innovation capabilities. Notably, it contributes to the growing research on innovation in family firms by studying the effect familiness in a business organization on managing innovation, a design-intensive organization's efforts to discover and manage new product and/or service opportunities and to make improvements to existing processes and systems through a dynamic innovation capability (DIC) perspective. DIC refers to the analysis of firm's processes of using resources to adapt to market change, capacity to sense/shape and seize opportunities, and to orchestrate resource manipulation by reconfiguring/transforming. Research on innovation in family firms shows the unique approaches considering their innovation activities and have controversial findings that are needed to be theoretically and empirically explored. This study therefore proposes an extended and detailed further research to the following: the attributes and structure of the decision-making and evaluation process of family managers, strategic behaviors of the family firms such as internationalization, new product development, mergers and acquisitions, and also innovation decision behaviors and heterogeneity among family firms with qualitative methods. In addition, , there is little research in emerging markets on innovation in family firms, and the applicability of those contributions from a developed to an emerging market with unstable and heterogeneous behavior is widely discussed in the literature, thus the studies in emerging markets have considerable significance. In addition, there is a significant gap in the literature to understand how family firms' capabilities are shaped by constantly changing environment, and how they survive in this competitive market, thus dynamic capability approach is a suitable theoretical perspective that significantly contributes to their adaptation to dynamic business environments. Moreover, design-intensive firms, which rely on creativity and innovative contributions for managing design, are important for gaining competitive advantage in dynamic environments, and therefore it is crucial to study in detail their founding/controlling family members' role and involvement in innovation with the interest in preserving family name and identity across generations. Nevertheless, those unique features and complex behavior of design-intensive family firms can only be apprehended by a qualitative approach, which is generally disused in the literature. The objectives of this study comprise contribution to theory and practice in the fields of family business, innovation, and design, and therefore are aligned with exploratory approach. This qualitative research has two main phases: (1) the first phase, a comprehensive review of literature, four expert interviews, and a pilot study, and (2) the second phase, a multiple-case study. The first phase aims to uncover the themes and theories, embody a base, focus the research purpose and strategy, generate ideas and framework, and determine the practicability of research design. In this phase, first, the literature review builds a theory-based conceptual framework, and then expert interviews bring insights on family business and innovation in the selected context, and finally, a pilot case is investigated in detail for further refinement of the research design. Since the nature of this study requires a multi- and cross-disciplinary approach to review the literature, the basis of this research is established by the overview on (1) family business research and familiness, (2) research perspectives on family business innovation, and (3) dynamic capability perspective. The four experts in this study are sampled through the criteria of either (1) being a member of firms, (2) having experience working in/with firms, (3) having experience, or (4) representing other areas (e.g., supplier) in the selected industry. The expert interviews facilitate understanding of the significance of the research purpose, uncovering of the contextual themes, and the discovery of the unseen and less mentioned themes in the case interviews. The pilot case study with one of the sampled firms leads this study towards a deeper exploration of family involvement (familiness) through a more systematic theoretical perspective (dynamic capability view). The second phase aims to explore the under-researched phenomena of design-intensive family firms from office furniture manufacturing industry in an emerging market, Turkey and their dynamic innovation capabilities through a multiple-case study. The primary data is retrieved from in-depth semi-structured interviews with three sampled firms. The selection criteria were (1) being owned and governed by a family for at least two generations, (2) operating in an emerging market, (3) operating in a specific-industry context for design and innovation, (4) having design/innovation activities and strong financial performance at both national and international level, and (5) availability for open access. Eight interviews were conducted with three firms – four at Case A, two at Case B, and two at Case C, using a guide in line with the research questions of this study, and the interviewees include both family and non-family members of these firms. The interview protocol has four parts including questions (1) aimed at tracking the historical evolution of the company, (2) focusing on the extent of family involvement in the company's decision-making processes, and the contribution of familiness, (3) aimed at identifying the relationship between how dynamic capabilities are created/changed and how innovations are managed, and (4) focusing on the role of design in the creation of dynamic innovation capabilities. The secondary data was collected through document analysis of the sampled cases including firm websites, archival files, projects reports, corporate presentations, and videos. The overall data analysis technique adopted includes a within-case analysis for the first phase, to explore the unique and emergent patterns of each case, and cross-case analysis for the second phase, to compare the common themes. The analysis of DIC and familiness was performed through the coding elements based on prior literature and obtained qualitative data of each case and was facilitated by MAXQDA 2020, a qualitative data analysis software program. In within-case analysis, case narratives are prepared by breaking the text into several parts, according to the initial conceptual framework (three dimensions of familiness and three forms of dynamic innovation capability). These sections include profiles of cases, the narratives of each case, focusing on the company background, analysis of familiness dimensions (involvement, essence, organizational identity), analysis of dynamic innovation capabilities (sensing, seizing, reconfiguring) gained through changes in the business environment in the emerging context, and discussion on the influence and role of familiness in each form of DIC - namely sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring. In cross-case analysis, the discussion is displayed through a systematic approach, which acknowledges the patterns between cases (Case A to C) and categories (familiness and dynamic innovation capabilities), and discusses these in relation to the research questions and prior knowledge in the literature. This study explores the strategies of design-intensive FFs to manage innovation. These strategies and their decision-making processes are analyzed through the development of DICs and how they are affected by familiness. Firstly, the findings from the case study FFs reveal thirteen recurring behaviors. These recurring behaviors are categorized into three types of strategy. The first type are three strategies for sensing opportunities: (1) visiting fairs for design feedback and idea exchange, (2) monitoring trends and international markets, and analyzing changes in industry, (3) managing ideas with support of internal and external stakeholders. In the second type, there are six strategies for seizing opportunities: (1) strengthening production know-how through experience and technological investment, (2) establishing design and R&D center for external support, (3) adopting organic structure for product development, (4) adapting automated system for operation, (5) building corporate brand awareness at international level, (6) creating social responsibility projects that fit with firm identity. In the final type, there are four strategies for reconfiguring assets and structures: (1) adding new service for e-commerce sales, (2) adapting know-how for fully customized product mechanisms, (3) planning for institutional structure, (4) changing business model for innovation. In the second section of the study, the role of design on FFs' DICs is explored and its contribution to this development process. The findings from the case study FFs reveal three roles of design that contribute to these capabilities. These are (1) idea generation through external resources; (2) value addition through high-quality products; (3) vision accumulation through the founder. These findings highlight the interaction between design and innovation practices of FFs and provide insights on how a manufacturing company could achieve innovation. Firstly, for sensing opportunities, the collaborative approach to idea generation through external sources is used. Secondly, for seizing opportunities, the value addition is achieved with high-quality products often through investment in production technologies and process innovations. Finally, for reconfiguring assets and structures, the vision for innovation is adopted through the founder. Consequently, the strategies revealed as recurring behaviors provide insights for manufacturers, family managers, and design professionals; and propose a guideline for newly established manufacturing firms in a design-intensive industry, or for first-generation FFs, from an emerging market. The following are critical for innovation: (1) for sensing opportunities, being open and critical to the external environment and new ideas, (2) for seizing opportunities, having production know-how, controlled operation, organic product development, corporate identity, and social awareness, and (3) for reconfiguring assets, and structures, being adaptive to technology, willing to change, and continuous learners of new ideas.
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ÖgeTracing the contemporary critique in design: Mapping users' critical acts on social media(Graduate School, 2024-07-18)This study examines the critical videos shared by product users on TikTok, aiming to develop a deeper understanding of them and their contribution to design and users. The research emphasises the influence of these 'critical users' in daily life and design dynamics, highlighting their significance in the field of design critique. The study begins by positioning critique as a form of knowledge production that arises from doubt in the routine flow of daily life and aims for change. Design and critique primarily intersect in their shared goal of promoting social change. However, design often reproduces capitalist values rather than pursuing its fundamental goal of shaping society. Critique intervenes here, redirecting design back to its fundamental purpose and instrumentalising design actions to enact its transformative role. The study explores the differences in the operational capabilities of critique and post- critique. Post-critique, characterised by its micro-scale, absence of grand narratives, and multiplicity, allows for rapid global spread and adaptation to different local contexts. Its flexibility enhances operational capability in design practices, increasing the potential to create change and diffuse in daily life. The study provides a framework for critique in design, categorising it into four main areas: 'critique as design,' 'critique with design,' 'critique by design,' and 'critique of design.' This framework helps conceptualise how critique operates in various design contexts. The study highlights the dominance of designers and researchers in design critique but argues that users are also active and important critical actors. With the widespread adoption of social media, 'critical users' have moved their critiques online, increasing their visibility and influence. This transition has enabled user critiques to become collective and significantly impact design. Social media, particularly TikTok, provides an environment for 'critical users' to gain visibility and mobility. These platforms are not only used for entertainment but also serve as tools for political movements, allowing users to communicate and express their critiques. The study emphasises the ease of producing and consuming videos on TikTok, contributing to the rapid spread of critical thoughts. The study outlines the activities of design actors on social media and illustrates how user critiques impact real-world design dynamics. User critiques on social media compel design firms to take action, demonstrating the significant influence of these critiques.
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ÖgeTowards a model for analyzing the cognitive gap in user-product interaction throughout the technological evolution(Graduate School, 2024-05-31)The integration of new technologies into daily life has been radically shifting the nature of the products. Users are surrounded with products, working by technologies and algorithms that they have no information about. This lack of information forms cognitive gap between the user and the product. Exploring efficient ways to integrate technology into daily products with no cognitive gap becomes the main challenge of today's designers. Motivated by this challenge, the study aims to generate a model for analyzing the cognitive gap in user-product interaction in four dimensions: identity, action, intention, and affect. The framework is implemented in the dishwasher product category on a sample set of appliances, representing major milestones in the technological evolution, thereby providing insights into the cognitive gap in technological evolution. As the mechanical structures in the products are being replaced with electronic operating systems one by one, the form of the products changes inevitably, causing irreparable damage to the traditional link between form and function. The weakening link between form and function severely destroys the nature of interaction between user and product, through creating a considerable cognitive gap. As new technologies get integrated in the products, some orthodox interaction elements become obsolete and vanish or gets replaced for thinner, better, smaller versions. This shift induced by developing technologies creates cognitive gap on the distorting, shifting, evolving interaction elements which lost their significant portion of the references regarding functions. The emergence of the cognitive gap is not recent, it has previously studied and defined by many academicians through multiple perspectives like cognitive artifacts, distributed cognition, system image or action flow. So, the study starts by exploring the existing literature through multiple perspectives with the aim of reaching dimensions to analyze and compare the cognitive gap in products. The study aims to develop a cross-genre framework for a model to analyze the cognitive gap at first sight with the aim of providing necessary insights to design products, which can align closely with users' mental models and expectations (less cognitive gap). The study focuses on the cognitive gap at first sight, based on visual input, as pre-use perception of the user is proved to affect the user's perception strongly even after the actual use. Additionally, the surge in online shopping has amplified the impact of visual input in shaping purchasing decisions, increasing the significance of cognitive gap at first sight based on visual input. While the study suggests an evaluation model that can be adapted into various product genres, the field study focuses on a kitchen appliance, the dishwasher. Therefore, the proposed framework is adapted in dishwasher product category, to develop a model for analyzing cognitive gap. The field study investigates the dishwasher samples, which represent significant milestones in technological evolution, to analyze the cognitive gap retrospectively. The dishwasher product category is intentionally selected due to three main reasons: tangibility of kitchen experience, control panel diversity and availability. First, while the kitchen experience primarily revolves with around tangible physical elements, like food, the realm of consumer electronics deals with data. Hence the emergence of cognitive gap, due to miniaturization and dematerialization of the physical elements along with the shift from analog to digital technologies becomes more intriguing to investigate the kitchen industry than the consumer electronics. Second, control panel diversity is aimed to be able to investigate a wide range of cognitive gap. Control panel diversity is reached through the appliance samples, representing milestones of technological evolution. Third, the availability, the dishwasher product category is the only kitchen appliance product category available in the Miele Museum with appliance samples representing the milestones of technological evolution through appliance samples from 30's, 60's, and 70's. The Miele Museum and Miele product portfolio are specifically selected as the main source for appliance samples, as the researcher works at Miele as a design professional and has access to appliance samples and the relevant documentation. The Field Study investigated six appliance samples. Appliance samples M1, M2 and M3 are selected from Miele Museum, while M4, M5 and M6 are selected from current product portfolio. M1 represents the Era 1 which is known with direct tangible feedback, usually forming object symbols and unfamiliar product typology. M2 represents Era 2, which is known with analog, human-focused mechanics, control panels with, and "one control, one function" approach. M3 represents Era 3, which is known with the shift from analogue to digital, smaller but multifunctional elements, and control panels with multiple types of interaction elements. On the other hand, Era 4 is known with high technology acceptance, and loss of identity resulting in rising need for personalization. While M4, M5 and M6 belong to the same era, namely Era 4, they have distinct properties. M4 is full of push buttons in consistent shapes. M5 has a printed back-lit glass touch panel. M6 features the most advanced control panel technology with touch screen. Since the UX discipline deals with all aspects of users' interactions with products, services, and systems, UX evaluation methods naturally become the primary focus for investigating previous studies addressing the cognitive gap. Almost all studies exploring UX evaluation methods start with a literature review to define the impacting dimensions and then develop methods to measure these dimensions. Similarly, the study also starts with an extensive literature review to define the cognitive gap and determine the dimensions of the cognitive gap. Then, Empirical Research is implemented to test and optimized the developed model on dishwasher samples. For the Field Study, mainly the questionnaire method is preferred to collect the data, because of its cost effective, practical and self-reported nature. The dimensions of cognitive gap are defined as identity, action, function, and affect, originally stemming from well accepted UX dimensions such as user value, usability, and affect. Since the cognitive gap is defined as the gap between the user's mental model and the product, the questionnaire set reveals the user's mental model and then compares it with the product itself. For "identity" dimension, the questionnaire set investigates to what extent the appliance can be identified, then compares it with what the appliance sample actually is. For "action" dimension, the questionnaire set investigates to what extent the interaction design element can be manipulated with the planned actions, then compares it with how user is supposed to interact. For "intention" dimension, the questionnaire set investigates to what extent the interaction design element can trigger planned intention, then compares it with what the purpose of this interaction actually is. For "affect" dimension, the questionnaire set investigates to what extent the product can trigger expected or desired emotions, then compares it with how it is supposed to make the user feel. To define the option sets for "identity" dimension, a keyword analysis is conducted on the official Miele webpage. The Miele webpage is chosen as the keyword source, as the logo on the appliance samples offers the main clue for the answer. The keywords collected from the official Miele webpage are grouped, reduced and optimized to reach final option set. To define option sets for "action" and "intention" dimensions, a keyword analysis is conducted on user manuals to collect action keywords. Then the context is analyzed to form a morphologic box, matching action words with interaction elements and intentions (functions). Then, antagonistic actions are grouped and the option set is reduced for optimization, revealing the option set for "action" dimension. The option set for the "intention" dimension is constructed based on the morphological box, generated through the keyword analysis of user manuals. Obsolete functions or one time use functions are ignored. The functions (intentions) with reciprocity or relevance are grouped and the final option set for "intention" dimension is optimized. To generate a rating format and scale for the "affect" dimension, the proposed framework tackles with emotional response. The framework helps to generate a scale to quantify and compare emotional response (affect) to product at first sight (before use). By doing so, it synthesizes the method development processes from Kansei Engineering to ensure adaptability and scale optimization processes from SD Scale methods to ensure the practicality of evaluation and input collection in order to reach more efficient, quantifiable, and adaptable tools. 25 Evaluation adjectives are collected through the Keyword Analysis of appliance buying guides, blogs, and the official Miele website. They are filtered, optimized, and grouped to form adjective antonyms through cluster analysis and binary correlation matrix. Then, the adjective antonyms are crosschecked with existing studies for optimization, then positioned on SD scale to be rated on a 5-point Likert Scale. Through two Pilot studies and follow-up interviews, the adjective pairs are optimized from 15 to seven pairs. The study improves SD Scale methods by replacing the adjective pairs with dimensions, bringing more practicality and more quantifiability. Following the insights from the interviews, the adjective pairs are converted into nouns (Nominalization), increasing the practicality of the rating and quantification process. In its optimized version, the subjects were required to comprehend only one noun to rate instead of 2 adjectives, lightening the language barrier that verbal methods inherently have, and the final scale has seven sub-dimensions, aligning with Miller's Law. In the end, the framework offers analysis of the cognitive gap in multiple dimensions, targeting each dimension separately one by one. The model developed by the proposed framework aims to provide necessary insights for designing products, which can align closely with users' mental models and expectations (less cognitive gap).