LEE- İşletme-Yüksek Lisans
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ÖgeAn assessment of Uzbekistan's progress towards green economy(Graduate School, 2024-06-06) Adkhamova, Dinara ; Aşıcı, Ahmet Atıl ; 403201035 ; ManagementToday, at a critical moment marked by environmental challenges, population growth and rapid urbanization, Uzbekistan faces significant pressure to address emissions intensity and other sustainability issues. According to Norkulov et al. (2022), the country's emission intensity is more than double that of Central Asia, six times the global average, and eighteen times the ECA regional average. This highlights the need to prioritize sustainable practices and mitigate climate change. The transition to a green economy is critical because it promotes the responsible use of resources and the reduction of emissions. This shift not only aligns with global sustainable development goals, but also offers opportunities for economic growth and resilience to environmental risks. Ensuring sustainable development can pave the way to a greener and more prosperous future. The green economy offers a compelling framework for achieving economic growth while preserving the environment and fostering social inclusivity. In Uzbekistan, over the last five years, the momentum towards transitioning to a green economy to harmonize economic, environmental, and social goals has surged among policymakers, shaping national development agendas. Despite this, research has yet to produce a systematic and comprehensive assessment of the evidence of a green economy transition in Uzbekistan. This thesis offers a comprehensive analysis of Uzbekistan's journey towards greening its economy. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the literature on green economy transitions by offering insights into Uzbekistan's experiences, challenges, and opportunities. By doing so, it aims to inform decision-making processes and guide actions towards achieving sustainable development goals in Uzbekistan. Moreover, this work explores the complex relationship between green economic development and key international sustainability and climate initiatives such as the Paris Agreement and the SDGs. It recognizes the dual nature of this relationship, with international commitments driving the development of a green economy and a green economy helping to deliver on those commitments. By assessing Uzbekistan's compliance with international obligations, the study identifies current achievements and challenges, suggesting ways to improve aspects of the green economy. It also deepens the impact of important initiatives such as the European Green Deal and the Belt and Road Initiative on the country's green transition. This selection is based on their direct relevance to the thesis topic, their global and regional significance in shaping sustainable development agendas, as well as their two-way implications for Uzbekistan, such as the transformative potential of EGD in EU partner countries and the implications of the BRI for sustainable development led by China, one of Uzbekistan's main partners. The purpose of this analysis is to provide valuable information on the implications and potential impact of these initiatives on the transition to a green economy in Uzbekistan. Methodologically, the thesis employs a SWOT analysis, integrating both qualitative and quantitative data collected through comprehensive desk reviews of relevant literature, reports from state and international organizations, strategic documents, and news articles. This approach allows for a holistic understanding of Uzbekistan's current situation and facilitates the formulation of targeted recommendations. This work concludes that the green economy model is of great importance for Uzbekistan, helping the country meet international sustainable development commitments such as the SDGs and the Paris Agreement. The transition to sustainable development not only brings Uzbekistan into line with the strict environmental standards of initiatives such as the European Green Deal, but also improves its global competitiveness. However, while investments in the Belt and Road Initiative can strengthen renewable energy infrastructure, the risk of fossil fuel projects, under this intiative, and potential inadequate environmental assessments threaten Uzbekistan's shift away from carbon-intensive sources. Moreover, over-reliance on Chinese participation may hamper the development of domestic green industries and hinder economic self-sufficiency. Uzbekistan has made significant strides in transitioning towards a green economy, evident through the adoption of comprehensive policies and strategies spanning various sectors. Despite challenges, Uzbekistan demonstrates a strong commitment to sustainability, aiming to align its economic growth with environmental priorities while almost meeting international sustainability commitments. SWOT analysis revealed that Uzbekistan's transition to a green economy is supported by strengths such as sustained economic growth, abundant natural resources, and a strong commitment to environmental sustainability. However, weaknesses such as governance challenges, limited private sector engagement, and infrastructure gaps hinder progress. Opportunities lie in international collaboration, demographic advantages, and financial instruments like green bonds, while threats include risks related to labor market transformation, upfront costs of renewable energy adoption, poor policy implementation, and vulnerability to global shifts away from fossil fuels. To address challenges and take advantage of opportunities, the thesis presents a set of priority areas and recommendations. These include enhancing governance and regulatory frameworks, strengthening capacity building and human development, fostering private sector engagement, promoting sustainable urbanization and infrastructure development, embracing circular economy principles, improving the financial sector with green tools, and enhancing monitoring and data management.