FBE- Deniz Ulaştırma Mühendisliği Lisansüstü Programı - Doktora
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Yazar "Kandemir, Çağatay" ile FBE- Deniz Ulaştırma Mühendisliği Lisansüstü Programı - Doktora'a göz atma
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ÖgeA rule-based human reliability assessment to enhance shipauxiliary machinery maintenance operations( 2020) Kandemir, Çağatay ; Çelik, Metin ; 643189 ; Deniz Ulaştırma Mühendisliği Bilim DalıThe maintenance operations that carrying out in the engine room are essential for the availability, reliability and smooth running of machinery systems. Thus, maintenance activities should be executed in accordance with a predetermined schedule. In order to standardize this, a planned maintenance schedule (PMS) is widely utilized in the merchant ships. Therefore, the machinery systems should be maintained in accordance with the PMS guidelines. However, these labor intensive actions may end with undesired results due to human errors. Since the human error is responsible for the majority of operational accidents in many industrial domains; estimating the human reliability in accordance with the engine room conditions becomes an important issue. For this reason, human factor studies focus on the more specific, domain based analysis lately. In industrial working environments, there can be Error Producing Conditions (EPC) which may increase the error likelihood of human actors. The EPC often arise from safety issues which can be detected by a proper analysis during or prior to an operation. In the literature, there are 38 different EPC have been identified within the conventional human error assessment and reduction technique (HEART) method. The method calculates human error probability (HEP) not only with the EPC, but also the generic task types (GTT). For this reason, there are also 9 different GTT have been identified with the comprehensive task descriptions. These comprehensive descriptions make GTT a very convenient parameter for different industrial fields. As a result, industry specific human reliability studies modify the EPC parameters rather than GTT. In the literature, the EPC values have been redetermined for particular domains such as nuclear plants, railways, aviation and maritime. In the maritime, the EPC values have been adopted in shipboard operations via shipboard operations human reliability analysis (SOHRA). The SOHRA is a special method that could be implemented in all operations on-board a ship. However, maintenance and operational tasks in the engine room involve a vast number of peculiar actions in comparison with the other shipboard operations. The significant discrepancy between the job definitions of the deck and engine room crew is evidence to this question. Seafarers in the deck perform a multitude of tasks on a vessel, but essentially navigate the vessel from the bridge, whilst; engine room officers are responsible for the maintenance and operation of propulsion systems and auxiliary machinery, in addition to other engine room duties. For this reason, an extension of SOHRA which particularly focuses on engine room crew is fundamental to carry out more accurate human reliability analysis. Therefore, operational safety in marine engineering maintenance and operations can be enhanced with more sensitive HEP calculations along with the pinpointly taken countermeasures. For the reasons mentioned above, this study proposes marine maintenance and operations human reliability analysis (MMOHRA) approach by determining marine engineering specific EPC, as an extension of SOHRA. The EPC in MMOHRA is calculated through meticulously analysed historical data of ship accidents that occurred between 2008-2018. During this phase, there are 1380 ship accident investigation reports are examined and only 70 of them are selected to establish the accident database. The reason of this, there are three important criteria are considered when filtering the investigation reports; i) The accident must be sourced by human error of the engine reeom crew, ii) Accidents should be recent, iii) Accident investigation reports must contain clear evidences. In conclusion, an amount of 435 accident causes is derived from the 70 reports. In the classification phase of accident causes, the human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) is adopted into marine engineering by suggesting HFACS for marine maintenance and operations (HFACS-MMO) method due to requirement of marine specific new classification layers. In addition to these, a rule based good practice tool of MMOHRA is introduced in order to response EPC and GTT assignment challenge of marine experts. The tool is developed upon a software code which is written through "Python 3" language. Besides, SQLite database is also used in order to embed EPC and GEP values of MMOHRA. Therefore, this tool can be applied to a digital engine room environment to support safety level of a ship. The MMOHRA is demonstrated with the case studies of ship auxillary machinery maintenance operations, namely; screw pump overhaul, HFO separator overhaul and diesel generator overhaul. Firstly, the MMOHRA is implemented in a three-rotor screw pump overhaul of a general cargo ship. Therefore, the difference between the MMOHRA and SOHRA results are highlighted. Second, the HFO separator overhaul is investigated in five different ships' conditions via MMOHRA practical calculation tool. Comparison between the results of classical MMOHRA application and good practice tool based application is provided. Finally, a detailed diesel generator overhaul is inspected under PMS conditions via MMOHRA tool. This time, recovery actions for the ship are identified and MMOHRA framework is completely implemented. Since therefore, this study contributes to the maritime safety literature via proposing meticulously studied significant approaches: MMOHRA and HFACS-MMO. Herein, not only the marine engineering specific EPC values are re-determined but also all descriptions are re-written for marine maintenance and operations. Additionally, the safety deficiencies of accidents that have major impact towards the establishment of HFACS-MMO are highlighted. Besides, safety issues of certain ships are detected and valuable recovery actions are provided via case studies. Moreover, rule based structures for GTT and EPC are discovered and utilized in a software code to create good practice tool of MMOHRA, which can be used by marine experts in marine maintenance and operations.