LEE- Bilişim Uygulamaları-Doktora
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Yazar "Yılankıran, Feyzi Çelik" ile LEE- Bilişim Uygulamaları-Doktora'a göz atma
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ÖgeDynamic use of spatial information produced by crowdsourcing approach through social media in the cloud-based decision support process during a disaster(Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2021) Yılankıran, Feyzi Çelik ; Güney, Caner ; 708280 ; Bilişim UygulamalarıDisaster and emergency management requires situational awareness to deliver help. In this regard, disaster and emergency management is inherently a spatial problem: Help cannot be brought unless locations needing help can be identified. What is worse, number of casualties increases as time passes during a disaster. Therefore, not knowing where help is needed may result in unnecessary deaths or permanent injuries because search and rescue resources are not allocated effectively where help is needed. In any disaster or emergency, acquiring situational awareness should be the first priority for efficient and effective allocation of search and rescue resources. Conventionally, performing situational awareness is an official task performed by authorities. However, disaster-stricken people are the most qualified and up-to-date information sources and they do not need to travel to disaster site. They are already in the disaster zone. With the help of widely available tools such as smartphones, they can easily crowdsource and broadcast disaster-related casualty information. Social media makes broadcasting this information even more intuitive: Letting stakeholders know who needs help where is as easy as making a Facebook post. Another motivation for using alternative ways to inform parties interested in providing search and rescue services is that developing countries can dedicate only a limited amount of their resources to disaster preparedness. However, a free, novel, effortlessly deployable, easily extensible application model could provide these developing countries with most desperately needed tools for filling communication gaps that naturally occurring during disasters. Additionally, a social media-oriented disaster and emergency management solution can also support interoperability required by multi-national and multi-agency search and rescue efforts. The solution proposed and developed in this study, called WITNER, aims to fill communication gaps during disasters by crowdsourcing situational awareness information through social media. WITNER captures disaster or emergency related Tweets and catalogs them in its cloud-native database. As situational awareness is an inherently spatial phenomenon, WITNER also attempts to find spatial indexes associated with Tweets and when found, spatially indexes these help request Tweets. This allows both spatial visualization (e.g., against a map that can be accessed through mobile or web clients) and spatial analysis (e.g., help delivery cost analysis for optimization of search and rescue operations) of help requests. As database, business-logic, and interface client components of WITNER are all cloud-native and accordingly lightweight, WITNER can be deployed for any disaster or emergency scenario with the main purpose of facilitating search and rescue operations. Thus, it mitigates humanitarian costs of disasters and emergencies.