İlaç ve meyve endüstrisi atıklarının ortak havasız biyolojik arıtabilirliği
İlaç ve meyve endüstrisi atıklarının ortak havasız biyolojik arıtabilirliği
Dosyalar
Tarih
1997
Yazarlar
Gülmez, Banu
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Bu çalışmada, kimyasal sentezle üretim yapan bir ilaç fabrikasının toksik bileşenli ve yüksek kirliliğe sahip atıksularının, kurulu bir havasız çamur yataklı reaktörde maya endüstrisi atıksularıyla beraber arıtılabilirliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. İlaç endüstrisi atıksuları, üretim çeşitliliğinden dolayı değişken karakterli, çoğu zaman toksik/inhibitör maddeleri bünyesinde barındıran ve organik madde konsantrasyonu çok yüksek değerlere ulaşabilen endüstriyel kirletici kaynaklardandır. Çalışmanın ana materyalini oluşturan, kimyasal sentezle üretim yapan ilaç endüstrisi atıksuları, üretimde kullanılan solventler sebebiyle toksik bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu atıksuların tek başına uygulanması halinde biyolojik arıtma sistemine verebileceği zararı azaltmak için, ilaç endüstrisi atıksuları iki günlük havalandırmadan (solvent uçurma) sonra, kademeli olarak artan oranlarda maya endüstrisi atıksularına ilave edilmiştir. Çalışmada farklı dönemlerde temin edilen haftalık iki kompozit ilaç numunesi kullanılmıştır. Deneysel arıtılabilirlik çalışmaları sırasında sistem verimleri KOÎ parametresi ve biyogaz üretim verimi esas alınarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu arada havasız arıtmayı kontrol eden diğer işletme parametreleri de (pH, alkalinite, sıcaklık, TKN, NH3- N, Toplam P, TKM) belirli sıklıklarla izlenmiştir. Yürütülen deneysel çalışmaya göre, - İlaç endüstrisi atıksularının 1/100 veya daha az seyrelme oranlarında maya endüstrisi atıksularıyla ortak havasız arıtılması halinde, KOİ giderim verimlerine göre ortalama %5'lik bir inhibisyon görülmektedir. - Maksimum inhibisyon alışma dönemleriyle karakterize edildiğinde ortalama % 10 civarında seyretmektedir. - Ön havalandırma ile solvent uçurmayı takiben kimyasal sentezle üretim yapan ilaç endüstrisi atıksularına maya endüstrisi atıksularıyla birlikte ortak havasız arıtma uygulanabileceği ortaya konmuştur. - Gerçek ölçekteki ortak havasız arıtma tesisi işletme şartlarının bütün detaylan ile ortaya konabilmesi için, laboratuvar ölçekli reaktörlerde farklı ilaç atıksuları ile ilave deneylerin yapılması tavsiye edilmektedir.
The aim of this study is the treatability of toxic and high-strength wastewater from a pharmaceutical factory that uses chemical synthesis with another wastewaters coming from baker's yeast industry in an existing anaerobic sludge blanket reactor together. Pharmaceutical wastewater has a variable characteristic because of changes in the process. Toxic/inhibitor components and high-strength organic matters are the main characteristics of this type of wastewater. The main material of the study is the chemical synthesis wastewater. This wastewater may inhibit or even may cause the death of microorganisms which are used in biological treatment because of the solvents in it's content (EPA, 1982). But, anaerobic processes can be acclimated to these toxic substances or even may decompose them biologically. Acclimation can be achieved by firstly giving the toxic substances in a lower concentration than the targeted one and then increasing the dosage gradually. In the study, it is thought that this pharmaceutical wastewater may inhibit the microorganisms' activity in the biological treatment. So, this wastewater is going to be mixed with another wastewater coming from a baker's yeast industry in an gradually increased dosage to decrease the toxic effects of pharmaceutical wastewater. Then the target is the treatment of this mixed wastewater in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). MATERIALS AND METHOD Experimental treatability studies were conducted in an laboratoarically scaled anaerobic sludge bed reactor with an effective volume of 10,35 1. The temperature of the reactor was kept constant at a necessary level during the experiment by placing it into a constant temperature room. Two different types of wastewater were used in the experiment that one of them was pharmaceutical and the other one was the yeast industry wastewater. The characteristics of these effluents are given in the Table 1 and Table 2. The efficiency of the reactor used was defined in the terms of COD removal and the biogas conversion yields. Other operating parameters that controlled the anaerobic process were also monitored. The sampling frequency of these parameters and the methods for analyses are given in Table 3. XI
The aim of this study is the treatability of toxic and high-strength wastewater from a pharmaceutical factory that uses chemical synthesis with another wastewaters coming from baker's yeast industry in an existing anaerobic sludge blanket reactor together. Pharmaceutical wastewater has a variable characteristic because of changes in the process. Toxic/inhibitor components and high-strength organic matters are the main characteristics of this type of wastewater. The main material of the study is the chemical synthesis wastewater. This wastewater may inhibit or even may cause the death of microorganisms which are used in biological treatment because of the solvents in it's content (EPA, 1982). But, anaerobic processes can be acclimated to these toxic substances or even may decompose them biologically. Acclimation can be achieved by firstly giving the toxic substances in a lower concentration than the targeted one and then increasing the dosage gradually. In the study, it is thought that this pharmaceutical wastewater may inhibit the microorganisms' activity in the biological treatment. So, this wastewater is going to be mixed with another wastewater coming from a baker's yeast industry in an gradually increased dosage to decrease the toxic effects of pharmaceutical wastewater. Then the target is the treatment of this mixed wastewater in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). MATERIALS AND METHOD Experimental treatability studies were conducted in an laboratoarically scaled anaerobic sludge bed reactor with an effective volume of 10,35 1. The temperature of the reactor was kept constant at a necessary level during the experiment by placing it into a constant temperature room. Two different types of wastewater were used in the experiment that one of them was pharmaceutical and the other one was the yeast industry wastewater. The characteristics of these effluents are given in the Table 1 and Table 2. The efficiency of the reactor used was defined in the terms of COD removal and the biogas conversion yields. Other operating parameters that controlled the anaerobic process were also monitored. The sampling frequency of these parameters and the methods for analyses are given in Table 3. XI
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 1997
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 1997
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 1997
Anahtar kelimeler
Endüstriyel atık su,
Biyolojik arıtma,
Industrial waste water,
Biological treatment