Radyoaktif izleme tekniği ile Dianthus Caryophyllus bitkisinin topraktaki sekiz besin elementini alışının incelenmesi

Abstract

Radyoaktif izleyici kullanımı ve buna dayalı endüstriyel uygulamalar, pek cok alanda yaygınlasarak uygulanagitmektedir. DUnyada ve Ülkemizde, sadece endüstride değil, tıpta ve tarımsal çalışmalarda da Radyoaktif izleme Teknikleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasında, Radyoaktif izleme Tekniklerinin tarımsal uygulamalarından olmak üzere; bitkilerin topraktaki besin elementlerini alış mekanizmasını saptamak hedeflenmiştir. Bu hedefi gerçek lest i mek için, deney bitkisi olarak Dianthus caryophyllus CKaranfil) seçilmiş ve genel olarak bitki beslenmesinde önemi olduğu bilinen sekiz elementin, bu bitki üzerindeki etkileri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sözü edilen sekiz element; Molibden, Çinko, Magnezyum, Potasyum, Mangan, Bakır, Kobalt ve Demir olup, çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesi için, bunların en uygun tuzları ele alınarak, I.T.U. TRIGA Mark II Reaktöründe ışınlatılıp, bu elementler radyoizotop haline getirilmiştir. Böylelikle, "radyoaktif izleyici" bileşikler elde edilmiş ve bunlarla çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda, bitki beslenmesinin "belirli" periyotlarla ve bitkinin yönlendirmesiyle gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, verilecek radyoizotopun aktivitesinin canlıya zarar vermeyecek şekilde ayarlanması hususunda, yap tıgımız hesaplamaların uygun olduğu, çiçeklerin gelişiminden anlaşılmıştır.

The idea of using tracers in the investigation of complex physical phenomena has always attrached the attention of scientists and engineers. When radioactive isotopes became available it was immediately recognized that they offered an almost ideal solution to tracer selection. Extensive experience has been gathered all over theworld in the application of radioactive tracers in industry. In any industry, good plant performance and avoidance of shutdown, especially in continous processes, are of special importance. Radiotracer techniques are now available to provide speedy solutions to many plant and process problems, starting from malfunctions in specific component to poor overall plant performance. A number of conventional measuring and surveying techniques may be used in conjuction with radiotracer techniques. In many cases, technological parameters are not directly measurable, but are functionally tied up with the data obtained from tracer experiments. Radiotracer techniques may contribute to a better understanding of the investigated physical phenomena. Radiotracer is most universal and practical tracer. In fact, the radiotracer has probably been responsible for a good part of the general interest in tracing methods within the last 40 years. The advantages of the radiotracer can best be understood by examining the two primary requisities of a tracer. 1. Tracer be identical to the traced material. 2. The smallest element of a radioisotope that retains the properties of a quantity of the substance is one atom. - viii - Since isotopes of the same element have essentially the same chemical properties, radioisotopes can be used to trace elemental materials at the atomic level. Radiotracer applications can be used in various type of research fields. Such cases, in general, nuclear medicine, agricultural activities, chemical industry, paper and cellulose pulp industry, petroleum industry, cement industry, mettallurgical industry, automotive industry, environmental and sanitary engineering, mineral industry. Radiotracers have also been used extensively to study agricultural pests with respect to different field of the related fields. Among the desirable characteristics of the tracer are: - ease of application, - minimal effect on the plant - ease of recognation of the tag - persistance - suitable half-life - availability ix - In the study, it is aimed that to search of taking mechanism of the feeding element from the soil. For this purpose Dianthus Caryophyllus are selected as an experimental plant. Reasons of selection of the Dianthus Caryophyllus : - Ease to growth Appropriation of the period for thesis - Resistance against the different conditions Eigth elements are used as radiotracer elemets that are molybdenum, zinc, magnesium, potassium, manganese, copper, cobalt and iron. Generally nitrat compound of the radiotracer elements are used due to appropriation to the solubility in the water and non-toxic properties. Irradiation of the elements have been done in the central thimble of the ITU TRI6A Mark-II Reactor at 250 KW full power rate. Irradiation time are calculated according to appropriation of the radiotracer technique, but no harmful effect for the plants. - x - In the result of the studies, it is determined that the there is a feeding period. It is approximately 24 hours for the Dainthus Caryophyllus and feeding activities are directed by the plant. Generally plant growing rates are expected levels. That are shown that the activity level of the radiotracers are appropriate rates.