Alkollü İçki Endüstrisi Atıksularının Anaerobik Arıtımında Etkin Olan Türlerin Sayılarının Ve Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi
Alkollü İçki Endüstrisi Atıksularının Anaerobik Arıtımında Etkin Olan Türlerin Sayılarının Ve Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi
Dosyalar
Tarih
Yazarlar
Koçarslan, Bengü
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Bu çalışmada, Tekel fabrikalarında işletmede bulunan anaerobik arıtma tesislerindeki atıksu kompozisyonu, reaktör tipi, işletme koşullarının etkin olan mikrobiyal türler üzerindeki etkileşimi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Tekel Nevşehir Rakı Fabrikası, Tekel Çanakkale Kanyak Fabrikası, Tekel Tekirdağ İçki Fabrikası, Tekel İstanbul İçki Fabrikası anaerobik arıtma tesislerinden alınan biyolojik anaerobik çamur örneklerinde etkin olan türler ve sayıları Epifloresan mikroskobu kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir.Belirlenen anaerobik türlerin aktiviteleri, spesifik metan aktivite testi (SMA) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Tekel Tekirdağ İçki Fabrikası yukarı akışlı anaerobik çamur yatağında KOİ giderim verimi; %55-90, potansiyel metan üretim hızı (PMÜ) ; 376 mlCH4/gr.UAKM.gün, Nevşehir Rakı Fabrikası anaerobik kontak reaktöründe, KOİ giderim verimi; %75-80, PMÜ hızı; 263 mlCH4/gr.UAKM.gün, Çanakkale Kanyak Fabrikası yukarı akışlı anaerobik çamur yatağında KOİ giderim verimi; %70-75, PMÜ hızı; 230 mlCH4/gr.UAKM.gün olarak bulunmuştur. Her üç anaerobik reaktörde otofloresan özelliğe sahip metan arkesi olarak kısa çubuk, bunu takiben orta ve uzun çubuk türleri gözlenmiştir. İstanbul İçki Fabrikası yukarı akışlı anaerobik çamur yatağı KOİ giderim verimi %90-95, PMÜ hızı 350 mlCH4/gr.UAKM.gün olarak belirlenmiştir. İstanbul İçki Fabrikası yukarı akışlı anaerobik çamur yatağında, diğer reaktörlerden farklı olarak baskın otofloresan metan türü Methanococcus, bunu takiben kısa, orta, uzun çubuk ve Methanosarcina türleri bulunmuştur. SMA tekniğinin kullanılması ile sistemin potansiyel yükleme kapasitesinin belirlenmesi ve optimum işletme koşullarının tespiti mümkündür. SMA sonuçları ile herbir sistemin performansı karşılaştırılmış, atıksu kompozisyonu, reaktör tipi ve mikrobiyal türler arasındaki etkileşim incelenmiştir.
In this study, the relationships between wastewater characterization, reactor type and operating conditions on the active microbial species in the anaerobic treatment plants(ATP) of Tekel factories were investigated. In this research, the numbers and composition of species in biological anaerobic sludge samples taken from Tekel Nevşehir Raki Factory ATP, Tekel Çanakkale Cognac Factory ATP, Tekel Tekirdağ Distillery Factory ATP and Tekel Istanbul Distillery Factory ATP were determined by Epifluorescence microscope. The activities of the determined anaerobic species were measured by specific methanogenic activity (SMA) test. It was found that the COD removal efficiency and the potential acetoclastic methane production (PMP) rate in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket of Tekel Tekirdağ Distillery Factory were 55-90 percent and 376 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; COD removal efficiency and PMP rate in Tekel Nevşehir Raki Factory were 75-80 percent and 263 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; COD removal efficiency and PMP rate in Tekel Çanakkale Cognac Factory were 70-75 percent and 230 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; COD removal efficiency and PMP rate in Tekel Istanbul Distillery Factory 90-95 percent and 350 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; respectively. In these reactors, short rods, medium and long rods archea were determined as a dominant autofluorescent methane species. In upflow anaerobic sludge blanket of Istanbul Distillery Factory, Methanococcus was found as dominant autofluorescent methane species followed by short, medium, long rods and Methanosarcina species. As a result, it was possible to find the potential loading capacity of the system and to control the stability of system by using SMA technique. Results of SMA tests were compared to the each system performances and wastewater composition, and the relationships between reactor type and microbial species were investigated.
In this study, the relationships between wastewater characterization, reactor type and operating conditions on the active microbial species in the anaerobic treatment plants(ATP) of Tekel factories were investigated. In this research, the numbers and composition of species in biological anaerobic sludge samples taken from Tekel Nevşehir Raki Factory ATP, Tekel Çanakkale Cognac Factory ATP, Tekel Tekirdağ Distillery Factory ATP and Tekel Istanbul Distillery Factory ATP were determined by Epifluorescence microscope. The activities of the determined anaerobic species were measured by specific methanogenic activity (SMA) test. It was found that the COD removal efficiency and the potential acetoclastic methane production (PMP) rate in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket of Tekel Tekirdağ Distillery Factory were 55-90 percent and 376 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; COD removal efficiency and PMP rate in Tekel Nevşehir Raki Factory were 75-80 percent and 263 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; COD removal efficiency and PMP rate in Tekel Çanakkale Cognac Factory were 70-75 percent and 230 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; COD removal efficiency and PMP rate in Tekel Istanbul Distillery Factory 90-95 percent and 350 ml CH4/gr.VSS.day; respectively. In these reactors, short rods, medium and long rods archea were determined as a dominant autofluorescent methane species. In upflow anaerobic sludge blanket of Istanbul Distillery Factory, Methanococcus was found as dominant autofluorescent methane species followed by short, medium, long rods and Methanosarcina species. As a result, it was possible to find the potential loading capacity of the system and to control the stability of system by using SMA technique. Results of SMA tests were compared to the each system performances and wastewater composition, and the relationships between reactor type and microbial species were investigated.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2002
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2002
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2002
Anahtar kelimeler
Alkol distile atıksuları,
anaerobik arıtım,
spesifik metan aktivite testi,
mikrobiyolojik çalışmalar,
Alcohol distillery effluents,
anaerobic treatment,
spesific methanogenic activity test,
microbiological studies