Bir Atıksu Arıtma Tesisinin Ve Kullanılan Yüksek Gerilimli Elektrik Motorlarına Yol Verme Yöntemlerinin İncelenmesi
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Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Günümüzde atıksu arıtma tesisleri büyük önem kazanmıştır. Artık büyük yerleşim yerlerinde atık sular arıtıldıktan sonra yüzeye verilmektedir. Bu tesislerin verimli işletilmesi için kullanılan proseslerin ve mekanik ekipmanların iyi bilinmesi gerekir. Bu çalışmada, atıksu arıtma tesislerinin genel yapısı, atıksu arıtma proseslerinden aktif çamur prosesi ve bu prosesle çalışan bir atıksu arıtma tesisi incelenmiştir. Bu tesiste kullanılan mekanik ekipmanlar, bunların motor güçlerinin bulunması, tesisin enerji ihtiyacının karşılanması, tesiste kullanılan motorlar ve bu motorlara yolverilmesi anlatılmıştır. Bu amaçla ilk önce biyolojik arıtma yöntemlerinden aktif çamur prosesi, fosfor ve azot giderme proseslerinden bahsedilmiştir. Ardından, İSKİ Paşaköy Atıksu Arıtma Tesisi’nin yapısı ve çalışma ilkesi, burada kullanılan mekanik ekipmanların yapısı ve bunların motor güçlerinin bulunması incelenmiş ve motor güçleri hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra, tesisin kurulu gücü, işletme gücü hesaplanmış ve güç trafoları seçilmiştir. Son olarak da, tesiste kullanılan motorlar anlatılmış, bu motorlara doğrudan yolverme gücü hesaplanmış ve yüksek gerilimli motorlara yolverme metotları anlatılmıştır. Doğrudan yolverme, güç yarı iletkenli statik anahtarla yolverme, seri bobinle yolverme ve transformatörle yolverme yöntemleri ile yolverilen yüksek gerilimli kafesli asenkron motorun MATLAB SIMULINK programında simülasyonu yapılmıştır. Motor kalkış akımı ve kalkış momenti incelenmiştir.
The wastewater treatment plants have got a great importance nowadays. Today, in big cities, wastewater is given to the surface after the treatment. To operate these plants efficiently, processes and mechanical equipments that are running must be well known. In this study, general structure of the wastewater treatment plants, active mud process that is one of the wastewater treatment processes and a wastewater treatment plant that is using this process has been examined. Mechanical equipments that are running in this plant, calculation of the motor powers of these equipments, supplying the energy demand of this plant, motors that are running in this plant and starting of these motors has been told. For this aim, first, active mud process that is one of the biological treatment methods, removal of phosphor and nitrogen process has been mentioned. Then, the structure and the operating principle of İSKİ Paşaköy Wastewater Treatment Plant, the structures of the mechanical equipments that are running in this plant has been examined and motor powers of these equipments are calculated. And then, the installation and the operating power of the plant has been calculated and power transformers has been chosen. And at last, motors that are running in this plant has been examined, direct starting power of these motors has been calculated and the methods of starting high voltage motors has been told. Starting of a high voltage squirrel cage induction motor using the methods direct on line starting, solid state direct on line starter, reactor starting and transformer starting has been simulated with the MATLAB SIMULINK program. Starting current and starting torque of the motor has been examined.
The wastewater treatment plants have got a great importance nowadays. Today, in big cities, wastewater is given to the surface after the treatment. To operate these plants efficiently, processes and mechanical equipments that are running must be well known. In this study, general structure of the wastewater treatment plants, active mud process that is one of the wastewater treatment processes and a wastewater treatment plant that is using this process has been examined. Mechanical equipments that are running in this plant, calculation of the motor powers of these equipments, supplying the energy demand of this plant, motors that are running in this plant and starting of these motors has been told. For this aim, first, active mud process that is one of the biological treatment methods, removal of phosphor and nitrogen process has been mentioned. Then, the structure and the operating principle of İSKİ Paşaköy Wastewater Treatment Plant, the structures of the mechanical equipments that are running in this plant has been examined and motor powers of these equipments are calculated. And then, the installation and the operating power of the plant has been calculated and power transformers has been chosen. And at last, motors that are running in this plant has been examined, direct starting power of these motors has been calculated and the methods of starting high voltage motors has been told. Starting of a high voltage squirrel cage induction motor using the methods direct on line starting, solid state direct on line starter, reactor starting and transformer starting has been simulated with the MATLAB SIMULINK program. Starting current and starting torque of the motor has been examined.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2002
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2002
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2002
Konusu
Atıksu, Asenkron Motor, Yolverme, Wastewater, nduction Motor, Starting
