Lng Karayolu Taşımacılığında Çevresel Risk Değerlendirmesi
Lng Karayolu Taşımacılığında Çevresel Risk Değerlendirmesi
Dosyalar
Tarih
2010-03-04
Yazarlar
Öztekin, Atakan
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
LNG KARAYOLU TAŞIMACILIĞINDA ÇEVRESEL RİSK DEĞERLENDİRMESİ ÖZET Tehlikeli madde taşımacılığı, içerdiği tehlikeler nedeniyle bir büyük metropolde yaşayan halk üzerinde belirli bir risk oluşturmaktadır. Ne kadar önlem alınsa da tehlikeli madde taşınması esnasında engellenemeyen kazalar olmakta ve bu kazalarda binlerce, hatta on binlerce insan olumsuz etkilenebilmektedir. Çalışmada LNG nin özellikleri ve nasıl taşındığı açıklandıktan sonra LNG taşımacılığının karayolu taşımacılığın temel kuralı olan can, mal ve çevre emniyeti açısından ortaya koyduğu muhtemel tehlikeler sıralanmıştır. LNG taşımacılığının risk analizini yapmak ve bir emniyet yönetim modeli önerisinde bulunmak, bu model önerisi ile emniyet standartlarını yükselterek uluslararası arenada rekabet gücünü arttırmak amaçlanmıştır. LNG’nin hazırlanması, dağıtılması ve kullanılması incelendi. Risk ve Risk Tabanlı Yönetim Sistemi kavramlarının tanımları verilerek detayları açıklanmıştır. Risk Değerleme yaklaşımının sistematiği LNG taşımacılığı ile ortaya çıkabilecek tehlikeli sonuçlar açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Risk Değerleme sistematiğinin genel yapısı içerisinde yer alan Tehlike Analizi, Risk Analizi, Risk Değerlendirme ve Risk Yönetimi sadece kavram olarak değil aynı zamanda LNG Taşımacılığı nın Risk Tabanlı Yönetimi nasıl tesis edilebilir sorusuna da cevap aranarak incelenmiştir. Çevre yönetim sistemlerinin ihtiyaçları, risk değerlendirme sürecinin adımları ve tehlikeli maddelerin özellikleri incelendikten sonra bu amaç doğrultusunda kullanılabilecek en uygun yöntemlerin Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ve bulanık mantık modelleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bulanık kural tabanlı modelleme ise belirsizlik içeren ve veri eksikliği olan durumlar için uzman görüşlerinin dilsel değişkenlerini girdi verisi olarak kullanmayı sağlamıştır. Çalışma risk Önleyici ve risk azaltıcı stratejiler göz önünde bulundurularak mevcut emniyet yönetimi düzenlemelerini tamamlayıcı olarak sunulan LNG Taşımacılığı Emniyet Modeli önerisi ile sonuçlanmıştır.
AN ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR LNG ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY Hazardous materials (hazmat) transportation, due to its nature, exposes certain risks to the population that resides in a large metropolitan city. Occasional accidents do happen and these may have negative impact on thousands of people. These accidents are usually low-probability events, but due to the possibility of high consequences, they attract a lot of public attention. In the study LNG spefications and carriage of LNG has been explained. LNG Transportation has been defined in the view of the road transportation and the hazards of LNG transportation concerning on life, property and environment has been identified with hazard ıdentification technique. This study aims to conduct risk analysis methods during LNG transportation and suggests a risk based safety management model to raise the competitive power in the international arena by raising the standards on safety. Treatment, transport, storage, regasification, distribution and utilisation of LNG are examined. The definitions and details of risk and risk based management systems has been given in further chapters. The risk assessment approach explained and detailed on dangerous consult of LNG transportation. Analytical hierarchical process and fuzzy logic models were selected as the best appropriate methods for development of approach after exploring the needs of environmental management systems, main framework of environmental risk assessment procedure and the characteristics of hazardous materials. Fuzzy logic rule based modeling allow assessor to use linguistic variables as input data in approach in case of uncertainty and lack of data. According to the risk assessment approach; hazard analysis, risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk management terms has been explained with the scope of risk based safety management of LNG transportation. The study has been concluded by the suggestion on a supplementary safety management model in LNG transportation according to the risk prevention and mitigation strategies.
AN ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR LNG ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY Hazardous materials (hazmat) transportation, due to its nature, exposes certain risks to the population that resides in a large metropolitan city. Occasional accidents do happen and these may have negative impact on thousands of people. These accidents are usually low-probability events, but due to the possibility of high consequences, they attract a lot of public attention. In the study LNG spefications and carriage of LNG has been explained. LNG Transportation has been defined in the view of the road transportation and the hazards of LNG transportation concerning on life, property and environment has been identified with hazard ıdentification technique. This study aims to conduct risk analysis methods during LNG transportation and suggests a risk based safety management model to raise the competitive power in the international arena by raising the standards on safety. Treatment, transport, storage, regasification, distribution and utilisation of LNG are examined. The definitions and details of risk and risk based management systems has been given in further chapters. The risk assessment approach explained and detailed on dangerous consult of LNG transportation. Analytical hierarchical process and fuzzy logic models were selected as the best appropriate methods for development of approach after exploring the needs of environmental management systems, main framework of environmental risk assessment procedure and the characteristics of hazardous materials. Fuzzy logic rule based modeling allow assessor to use linguistic variables as input data in approach in case of uncertainty and lack of data. According to the risk assessment approach; hazard analysis, risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk management terms has been explained with the scope of risk based safety management of LNG transportation. The study has been concluded by the suggestion on a supplementary safety management model in LNG transportation according to the risk prevention and mitigation strategies.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2010
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2010
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2010
Anahtar kelimeler
LNG,
Risk,
Taşımacılık,
LNG,
Risk,
Transportation