Potential wind farm design of the Caspian sea shores of Azerbaijan

Abstract

Renewable energy sources include the sun, wind, water, the Earth's heat, and plants, all of which are perpetually renewed by nature. Renewable energy technologies convert these fuels into useable energy, such as electricity, heat, chemicals, or mechanical energy. Fossil fuels are now utilized to heat and power houses, as well as to fuel automobiles. Coal, oil, and natural gas are convenient for providing our energy demands, but there is a finite quantity of these fuels on the planet. We're consuming them at a far faster rate than they're being generated. They'll eventually run out. And, due to safety concerns and waste disposal issues, the US will phase down much of its nuclear power capacity by 2020. Meanwhile, the country's energy demands are predicted to increase by 33% during the next 20 years. Renewable energy may be able to fill the void. Renewable energy is better for the environment even if we had a limitless supply of fossil resources. Renewable energy systems are frequently referred to as "clean" or "green" since they create little, if any, pollutants. Renewable energy will also assist us in achieving energy security and independence. Replacing part of our petroleum with plant-based fuels, for example, may save money while also increasing our energy security. Renewable energy is abundant, and technology is always improving. Renewable energy may be used in a variety of ways. In our daily lives, the majority of us currently utilize renewable energy. The design of the wind farm has been researched in the fourth chapter. This section focuses on selecting the best site for the wind farm. The situation of the wind blowing around the Absheron area is described in general. The absheron region appears to be typically adequate in terms of wind speed when we look at the wind maps during the studies. In terms of depth, it appears that the region's depth ranges between 20 and 40 meters. On the other hand, the presence of onshore wind farms in the northern half of the Absheron peninsula makes this region more grid-connected. In terms of wind speed, the location in the southern portion of the Absheron peninsula where the wind speed of 7.69 m/sec was found to be the most favorable (A region). However, as previously noted, the sea section in the northern half of the Absheron peninsula is the best location for grid connection. Part B, in one of the zones with the highest wind speed closest to the land, has been judged to be the most suited location. The greatest water depth in this area is 20 meters, and the monopile foundations for the wind turbines to be erected are considered adequate. Furthermore, it has been found that ship traffic is not a barrier for this region, and as is well known, Azerbaijan has oil and natural gas deposits in the Caspian, and there is no pipeline running through this region, despite the threat of underwater pipes. The Vestas117-4.2 MW model was chosen as the wind turbine's model. Because the selected wind turbine's hub height is 91.5 meters, a reference wind speed of 50 meters (8.25 m/sec) was used, and the wind speed at 91.5 meters was found to be 8.7 m/sec. Furthermore, the annual energy production of a wind turbine was calculated based on its data to be 14.7 GWAC/year