TMS77C82 emülatör kartı

Abstract

Bu tezde. TMS77C82 mikrobilgisayarının simgesel dil de programlanmasını amaçlayan bir uygulama gerçeklenmiş- tir. Emulator Kartı olarak adlandırılan sistemin, PC (Personel Computer: Kişisel Bilgisayar) ile birlikte çalışması düşünülmüştür. TMS77C82 mikrobilgisayarı, TMS7000 mikrodenetleyici ailesinin geliştirilmiş bir uyarlaması dır. 8-bit'lik ya pıda olan bu mikrobilgisayarın, MÎB'i < Merkezi îslem Birimi), sabit ve uçucu belleklerin bir kısmı, ikili Giriş Çıkış iskeleleri, seri iletişim arabirimi UART (Univer sal Asynchronous Recei ver -Transmitter >, zamanlayıcıları ve kesmeleri aynı yonga üzerinde gerçeklenmiştir. Yazılan işletim sistemi programı sayesinde, kullanıcı daha önce PC 'de yazmış ve derlemiş olduğu simgesel dil deki programlarını karta yükleyip icra ettirebilecektir. Ayrıca, saki ayıcı ve bellek içeriklerinin görülmesi ve değiştirilmesi »kullanıcı programlarının EPROM'a yazılması mümkündür. Tezde ayrıca, TMS77C82 mikrobilgisayarı tanıtılmış ve bu mikrobilgisayarla gerçeklenen kartın nasıl kullanıla cağı hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir.

Computers have been in general use since the 1950s. Formerly, digital computers were large, expensive machi nes used by governments and large businesses. The size and shape of digital computer has changed in the past few years owing to a new device called the microprocessor. The microprocessor is an IC integrated circuit) that contains much of processing capabilities of a large com puter-. Computer uses a stored program. Smaller computers, called microcomputers, also use the stored program con cept. A microcomputer contains a microprocessor and at least some form of semiconductor memory. m microcomputer system is a digital computer. It is named as a micro because of its small size and low cost. The microprocessor generally forms the CPU section of a microcomputer system. The microcomputer contains all five basic sections: The input unit, the control and arithmetic units contained within the microprocessor, the memory unit, and the output unit. I* J TMS77C82 is a microcomputer, which is produced by Texas Instruments. In this thesis, using this microcomputer an emulation module was developed. Device can emulate TMS 77CSS features or\ the board, so that it is called TMS77C83 Emulation Board. However, an EPROM programmer was reali sed at the same board. 3 Kbytes CMOS EPROMs or TMS77C83 microcomputers can be programmed on this board. In addi tion. TMS77C82 microcomputer is introduced in this thesis. The TMS77C82 is an EPROM version of the 8-bit TMS7000 microprocessor family. This microcomputer contains 8 K- bytes of on-chip EPROM and is software compatible with the other microcomputers of TMS7000 family. Other featu res include 2S6 bytes of on-chip RAM, a flexible serial port , three timers, programmable sense interrupts, eight adres si ng formats, and the same advanced register-to-register architecture that allows direct register arithmetic and logical operations without requiring the use of an accu mulator .[Zj The TMS77C82 is very useful for low-power applications, and for designs where program constraints are likely to change periodically. The CMOS fabrication, coupled with high performance CPU and internal peripherals, allows flexible system designs in industrial, automotive, com puter, and telecommunications applications. The 16-bit timers, with their associated 5-bit prescale 16-bit capture latch, and timer outputs, simplify A/D con versions, pulse width measurements and other time-critical application designs. For real-time applications where accuracy over long periods is essental, the Timer-1 output may be cascaded into the Timer -2 input to effectively form one 32-bit timer. {,2 i The unique serial port can operate in any one of three modes: Asynchronous, Isosynchronous, or Serial I/O. Addi tional features of the serial port include a selectable protocol (data bits, parity, and stop bits>, internal or external baud rate generation, and error detection flags. Direct networking for processor-to-processor communica tions is also supported through two multiprocessor pro tocol s. There are six prioritized interrupt levels on the TMS 77C82. Level O is the non-maskable reset, level -2 is as sociated with Timer-1, level -4 is associated with the se rial port (receive, transmit and Timer-3>, and level -S is generated by Timer -2. Levels 1 and 3 are external inter rupts with programmable edge/edge and level triggering, and rising/falling sense detection. All interrupts are routed through a user defined vector to the appropriate service routine; therfore, each service routine can be located anywhere in the TMS77C82 address space. There is a global interrupt enable bit in the status register, as well as individual interrupt enable bits for interrupts 1 through S. l£\ The TMS77C82 can be programmed like any 8 K -bytes CMOS EPROM C27C64) on a wide variety of PROM programmers with the aid of an adapter socket. When power cosumption is critical, the TMS77CS2 can idle selectable sections of the microcomputer and use power only where needed. Al so, the entire processor can be halted while retaining the 256 bytes of internal RAM. The instruction set is identical to that of all TMS7000 family members, allowing easy transition between members. An operating system was developed for this emulation board. User can load programs which are developed previ ously. A PC is used in terminal status as a display and keyboard system. The communication between emulation bo ard and PC is supported with serial way. User can see and change the contents of memory and CPU registers. In addition, programs inside of memory can be copied into EPROM on the same board. An operating system must provide some features to user that mentioned below. 1. Writing and changing memory must be allowed. 2. Source program must be converted into machine lan guage by using source program interpreter or high level i interpreter. i3J In the system, realized in this thesis, source prog rams are written and interpreted on the PC. After that, programs are loaded into emulation board by operating systems. The instructions of operating system are shown on Table 2. Table 2. Operating System Instructions In second chapter of this thesis, the internal arc hitecture of the TMS77C82 microcomputer has been exami ned. (iv)TMS77C82 Assembler Language instructions are mnemonic operation codes Cor mnemonics) that correspond directly machine instructions. An assembly language program (source program) must be converted to a machine langu age program (object program) by a process called assemb ling before a computer can execute it. Assembling con verts the mnemonics to binary values and associates those values with binary addresses, creating machine language instructions. In third chapter, the instruction set of TMS77C82 and assembler directives has been discussed. In the fourth chapter of this thesis, features of Emu lation board has been introduced. The Operating System that developed for Emulation Board has been examined and the instructions of ope rating system has been given in the fifth chapter.