Maximum Torque Per Ampere And Flux Weakening Control Of Ipm Motors For Electrical Vehicles
Maximum Torque Per Ampere And Flux Weakening Control Of Ipm Motors For Electrical Vehicles
Dosyalar
Tarih
2016-03-22
Yazarlar
Ünsal, Ahmet Halit
Süreli Yayın başlığı
Süreli Yayın ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayınevi
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
Özet
Sabit Mıknatıslı Senkron Motorlar (PMSM) uzun zamandır kullanılmaktadır ve son zamanlarda endüstriyel uygulamalar için daha popüler hale gelmiştir. PMSM için başka bir hedef uygulama ise elektrikli araçlardır. Küçük boyutuları ve sağlamlığı ile indüksiyon veya DC motorlara kıyasla büyük avantajları vardır. PMSM'de ki bu gelişmeler, Neodimyum Demir Bor (Nd2Fe14B) ve Samaryum Kobalt (SmCo5) gibi yeni manyetik malzemelerin tanıtımı ile mümkün hale getirilmiştir. Bu tür mıknatıslar de-manyetizasyona karşı yüksek dirençli ve yüksek enerji yoğunluğunu sahiptir. Daha önce kullanılan Ferrit veya Alüminyum Nikel Kobalt (Alnico) mıknatıslar ise, motorları hantal yapmış ve akım kontrolünün yanlış yapılması durumunda demagnetizasyona karşı duyarlı hale getirmiştir. Demanyetizasyon sorunu id = 0 kontrol stratejisinin geliştirilmesine yol açmıştır. Bu yöntem yuvarlak rotorlar için iyi çalışır, ancak çıkık kutuplu motorlar için aynısı geçerli değildir. Bu motorların hız aralığı sınırlar ve maksimum verimliliğe ulaşılmasına engel olur. Modern manyetik malzemelerin özelliklerininden yararlanmak için, motorların kontrolünde yeni bir yaklaşım aranmalıdır. Farklı hız ve çalışma bölgelerindeki bir IPMSM için, akım vektör kontrol algoritması incelenmiştir. Teorik analizler kapsamında, en optimum çalışma şekli, sabit hız bölgesinde Amper başına maksimum tork algoritması ile sağlanırken, yüksek hız bölgesinde ise akı-zayıflatması ile sağlanmıştır. Algoritma IPMSM için maksimum verimlilik ve tork kapasitesi ile sağlam akım regülasyonu sağlar. Farklı çalışma bölgelerinde, optimum D-eksen akımı kontrol stratejisine göre hesaplanabilir. Q-ekseni akımı ise tork komutu ve D ekseni akımı ile belirlenir.
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) have long been used in servo motor drives and has lately become more popular in lager motors for industrial applications. Another target application for PMSM is electric vehicles, were its small size and robustness is a big advantage compared to Induction or DC motors. This development of PMSM has been made possible according to the introduction of new magnetic materials like Neodymium Iron Boron (Nd2Fe14B) and Samarium Cobalt (SmCo5). These types of magnets have a high energy density and high resistance for de- magnetization. Previously Ferrite or Aluminum Nickel Cobalt (AlNiCo) magnet had to be used, this made the motors bulky and they were susceptible to demagnetization if the control of the motor current was incorrect. The demagnetization problem was one of the reasons that the id = 0 control strategy was adopted [2], this works well for round rotors but for a salient rotor a couple of their advantages are lost. It limits the motors speed range and the maximum efficiency cannot be reached. To take advantage of the properties of modern magnetic materials, a new approach to controlling the motors has got possible them has to be taken. The current vector control algorithm of an IPMSM in different speed operation regions were explored. Form the theoretical analyses, the optimal behavior of the IPMSM can be achieved by considering two phase control algorithm: maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control strategy in constant torque region, flux-weakening control strategy in high-speed region. The algorithm provides robust current regulation with maximum efficiency and torque capability for IPMSM. In different regions, the optimum d-axis current command can be calculated according to different control strategy. The q-axis current command is determined from the torque command and d-axis current.
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) have long been used in servo motor drives and has lately become more popular in lager motors for industrial applications. Another target application for PMSM is electric vehicles, were its small size and robustness is a big advantage compared to Induction or DC motors. This development of PMSM has been made possible according to the introduction of new magnetic materials like Neodymium Iron Boron (Nd2Fe14B) and Samarium Cobalt (SmCo5). These types of magnets have a high energy density and high resistance for de- magnetization. Previously Ferrite or Aluminum Nickel Cobalt (AlNiCo) magnet had to be used, this made the motors bulky and they were susceptible to demagnetization if the control of the motor current was incorrect. The demagnetization problem was one of the reasons that the id = 0 control strategy was adopted [2], this works well for round rotors but for a salient rotor a couple of their advantages are lost. It limits the motors speed range and the maximum efficiency cannot be reached. To take advantage of the properties of modern magnetic materials, a new approach to controlling the motors has got possible them has to be taken. The current vector control algorithm of an IPMSM in different speed operation regions were explored. Form the theoretical analyses, the optimal behavior of the IPMSM can be achieved by considering two phase control algorithm: maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control strategy in constant torque region, flux-weakening control strategy in high-speed region. The algorithm provides robust current regulation with maximum efficiency and torque capability for IPMSM. In different regions, the optimum d-axis current command can be calculated according to different control strategy. The q-axis current command is determined from the torque command and d-axis current.
Açıklama
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2016
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2016
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2016
Anahtar kelimeler
Eletrikli Arac,
IPM Motor,
akı Zayıflatma,
Akım Başına Maksimum Tork,
Maximum Torque Per Ampere,
Flux Weakening,
Control,
IPM Motor,
Electric Vehicle