Yayın: Güç transformatörlerinde aşırı gerilim harmoniklerinin incelenmesi
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Elektrik Mühendisliği
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
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Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
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Şebekelerde meydana gelen aşırı gerilimler ışık hızı ile yürüyerek transTofmâTöfsargısından içeri girer. Bu aşırı gerilimler, transformatör sargısının nötr noktasının topraklanmış ve topraklanmamış olmasına göre, sargının sarımlar arası, sargıyla toprak arası kapasiteleri ile sargı endüktansı ve direncine göre sargı boyunca dağılır. Çalışmada iç ve dış etkiler sonucu oluşan aşırı gerilim dağılımları incelenmiştir. Gerek sonu topraklanmış silindirik sarılmış güç transformatörlerinin sargılarında ve gerekse sonu topraklanmamış silindirik sarılmış güç transformatörlerinin sargılarında başlangıç gerilim dağılımlarının matematiksel ifadeleri ve son gerilim dağılımlarının matematiksel ifadeleri sırasıyla incelenmiştir. Ayrıca başlangıç gerilim dağılımından son gerilim dağılımı oluşuncaya kadar sargı içinde yüksek dereceli harmoniklerin matematiksel ifadeleri incelenmiştir. Transformatör sargısının eşdeğer devre parametrelerinin gerilim dağılışının matematiksel ifadeleri çıkartılmıştır. Transformatör sargılarında oluşan başlangıç gerilim dağılımı, son gerilim dağılımı ve serbest titreşimlerin harmonikleri ile bu harmoniklerin zarf eğrileri Turbo C bilgisayar programlama dilinde hazırlanan bir program yardımıyla t=0 anında al' nin çeşitli değerleri için çizdirtilmiştir.
This is a study about the higher order harmonics in power transformers due to the over voltages in windings. Both for the earthed-end cylindrical windings and for the open-end cylindrical windings, the analysis is carried out on a theoretical basis yielding a family of parametric curves, which, in turn has turned out to be the structure of a Turbo - C program for the application part of this thesis. Transformers, one of the most functional devices of networks, are sometimes exposed to different types of over voltages occurring in the networks, the reasons being; switching in the network, atmospheric effects and earth faults along the lines. These over voltages propagate with the speed of light and enter into the transformer windings. Depending on whether the neutral line of the winding is earthed or not and according to the functional winding parameters like the mutual capacitance, self capacitance, self inductance, resistive impedance of the winding the distribution of those over voltages vary along the winding. The simplified mathematical model for such a winding is a single loop LC circuit formed by series and parallel capacitances and inductances. The family of partial differential equations expressing the transients in the windings is as follows: ox ox dt VI *cs - ^s S2u dxdt du _ d'h *L one: ox dt The above three equations can be reduced to a single ia2u_ tfu a4u _ Lax2 _x dt1 ^sdx2dt This equation is the most general expression for the distributions on a cylindrical winding with the input point at a potential of u(x,t) volts. In this equation, Cj [ F/m ] is the self capacitance of the winding, C§ [ Fm ]is the series capacitance per unit length and L [ H/m ]is the series inductance per unit length of the winding. This equation defines the parameter a. The value of the parameteroc / =0 is related with the final voltage distribution which is equal to the initial voltage distribution. Nonetheless practically it is almost impossible to realize this a / =0 condition for the normal winding structures. Thus, the general expression for the initial voltage distribution is as follows when the over voltage urj enters into the earthed-end winding: Sha(l-x) u = u0 - 0 Shod For the open-end windings that will be as follows: VII Cha(l-x) u = u0 - 0 Chal For the earthed-end cylindrical windings, the mathematical expression for the voltage distribution occurring after time t will be as follows; Uks=U0(l-y) The above expression for the open-end windings will be: u]B=l.u0 In both of these windings, when the over voltage loading occurs, up to the final voltage distribution formation, the transient process is caused by free voltage oscillations along the windings. Generally for t=0 condition, these free oscillations are expressed by: uo(x)=u(x,0)+Uks(x,0) Here, uo(x) is the initial voltage distribution; u(x,0) is the value of free oscillations and u[
This is a study about the higher order harmonics in power transformers due to the over voltages in windings. Both for the earthed-end cylindrical windings and for the open-end cylindrical windings, the analysis is carried out on a theoretical basis yielding a family of parametric curves, which, in turn has turned out to be the structure of a Turbo - C program for the application part of this thesis. Transformers, one of the most functional devices of networks, are sometimes exposed to different types of over voltages occurring in the networks, the reasons being; switching in the network, atmospheric effects and earth faults along the lines. These over voltages propagate with the speed of light and enter into the transformer windings. Depending on whether the neutral line of the winding is earthed or not and according to the functional winding parameters like the mutual capacitance, self capacitance, self inductance, resistive impedance of the winding the distribution of those over voltages vary along the winding. The simplified mathematical model for such a winding is a single loop LC circuit formed by series and parallel capacitances and inductances. The family of partial differential equations expressing the transients in the windings is as follows: ox ox dt VI *cs - ^s S2u dxdt du _ d'h *L one: ox dt The above three equations can be reduced to a single ia2u_ tfu a4u _ Lax2 _x dt1 ^sdx2dt This equation is the most general expression for the distributions on a cylindrical winding with the input point at a potential of u(x,t) volts. In this equation, Cj [ F/m ] is the self capacitance of the winding, C§ [ Fm ]is the series capacitance per unit length and L [ H/m ]is the series inductance per unit length of the winding. This equation defines the parameter a. The value of the parameteroc / =0 is related with the final voltage distribution which is equal to the initial voltage distribution. Nonetheless practically it is almost impossible to realize this a / =0 condition for the normal winding structures. Thus, the general expression for the initial voltage distribution is as follows when the over voltage urj enters into the earthed-end winding: Sha(l-x) u = u0 - 0 Shod For the open-end windings that will be as follows: VII Cha(l-x) u = u0 - 0 Chal For the earthed-end cylindrical windings, the mathematical expression for the voltage distribution occurring after time t will be as follows; Uks=U0(l-y) The above expression for the open-end windings will be: u]B=l.u0 In both of these windings, when the over voltage loading occurs, up to the final voltage distribution formation, the transient process is caused by free voltage oscillations along the windings. Generally for t=0 condition, these free oscillations are expressed by: uo(x)=u(x,0)+Uks(x,0) Here, uo(x) is the initial voltage distribution; u(x,0) is the value of free oscillations and u[
Tanım
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 1995
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, 1995
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, 1995
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Aşırı gerilimler, Dönüştürücüler, Harmonikler, Overvoltage, Transformers, Harmonics
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Onay
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