Effect of different whitening toothpastes on surface roughness of young human enamel

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the whitening toothpastes effect of surface roughness in young permanent human enamel. Methods: In this in vitro study, 100 premolars were sectioned, mounted and stored. All teeth were divided into 10 experimental groups (n=10). The specimens were brushed 3600 cycles (equivalent 12-week brushing) with a brushing machine using 25 g of each toothpaste mixed with 40 ml of distilled water. The surface profile of the teeth was measured a profilometric device before and after brushing, respectively. Each teeth surface roughness measured three times and averaged. Results: In five groups which toothpastes containing bromelain, nano hydroxyapatite, silica, blue covarine and charcoal the decrease in surface roughness was found statistically significant (p<0.05), except toothpastes groups containing hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, microbeads, hydroxyapatite and water. In toothpastes groups containing hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and microbeads group’s surface roughness values were increased but not statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of initial and after brushing surface roughness values. Conclusion: According to the results of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and microbeads based whitening toothpastes increased the surface roughness of young permanent human tooth; had not provide smoother surface on tooth after 3600 cycles brushing. This study emphasizes the need for healthcare professionals to be aware of the whitening products usage for teenagers and make evidence-based decisions when recommending the product to patients.