LEE- Mekatronik Mühendisliği-Doktora

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http://hdl.handle.net/11527/19387

Gözat

Konu "bioengineering" ile LEE- Mekatronik Mühendisliği-Doktora'a göz atma
  • Öge
    Image processing software tools development for shoulder arthroplasty
    (Graduate School, 2021-05-21) Sadeghi, Majid Mohammad ; Ertuğrul, Şeniz ; 518132013 ; Mechatronics Engineering ; Mekatronik Mühendisliği
    Reverse shoulder arthroplasty is an operation performed on shoulder joints with diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, complex fractures of the proximal humerus, and osteonecrosis of the humeral head. This operation can face problems and create risky conditions for the patient, which might end in revision operations. In this work, methods are investigated to reduce one of the main reasons for the problems faced in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. This main reason is the wrong positioning of the K-wire which itself results in the wrong positioning of the implant baseplate. The wrong positioning can reduce the range of motion of the shoulder or can lead to complete malfunctioning of the joint. Using pre-operative planning of the surgery, and patient-specific instrumentation, are the solutions evaluated for improvement of the condition and reducing the risk of malpositioning. Preoperative planning which is deciding the correct choice of the procedure before the operation based on the patient, injury type, facilities available, and surgeon's skills, is an important method in improving implant positioning. Preoperative planning can be performed using two-dimensional images of the patient, but use of three dimensional images and computer preoperative planning software tools can improve planning. Patient-specific instrumentation which is a modern orthopaedics technique, uses Computed Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging of a specific patient to create customized guides preoperatively. Prostheses or guides that are designed based on the specific anatomy or injury of a patient provide an opportunity to be implemented more precisely and hence can help improve implant positioning and reduce the risk of complications resulting from malpositioning. The PSI guide generation process is performed using software tools that perform preoperative planning on the three-dimensional models of the patient's data. A new open-source software tool, that provides preoperative planning capability for the surgeon, and also creates a patient-specific guide for K-wire positioning, is developed in this work to test the presented solutions. First, the development of the software, using only open-source platforms, is explained, then using the results of the software an experiment is designed and performed. The experiment evaluated the accuracy of the software results and also compared the results with other existing methods. The experiment contained five different shoulder anatomies and glenoid types. For each type ten different samples were manufactured. Two experienced surgeons experimented on the manufactured bone models and the results were evaluated to differentiate between different anatomies. The results were evaluated to control the version angle, inclination angle, and the entry point location of the K-wire after the experiment. The evaluation of the results presented that this proposed method has good accuracy for all three parameters. Also, the results showed better outcomes for specific types of anatomies when compared to the freehand method and the conventional guide method.