Publication: Yağ Bazlı Poliüretanların Biyomedikal Uygulamalar İçin Çözücü Ve Katalizör Olmadan Hazırlanması
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Polimer Bilim ve Teknolojisi
Polymer Science and Technology
Polymer Science and Technology
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Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
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Poliüretanlar biyomateryaller olarak oldukça öneme sahiptirler. Çünki, poliüretanlar biyouyumludurlar ve çok iyi mekanik özelliklere sahiptirler. Kateter, kalp pompası, kısa dönem implant, hastane yatağı, cerrahi kumaş ve yara örtüsü olarak kullanılabilirler. Poliüretanlar, genellikle petrolyum bazlı polioller ve izosiyanatlardan katalizör ve çözücü kullanılarak üretilirler. Biyomedikal amaçlarla üretilecek polimerlerin sentezlenmesinde katalizör ve çözücü gibi biyouyumluluğu olumsuz etkileyen maddelerin kullanımı istenmemektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada medikal amaçlarla kullanılacak yağ bazlı poliüretanların kütle polimerizasyonu yöntemi ile katalizörsüz sentezlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, keten yağı ve gliserinden elde edilen hidroksil gruplarına sahip ara ürün hidroksil kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır. İzosiyanat bileşeni olarak ise toluene diizosiyanat ve hegzametilen diisosiyanat kullanılmıştır. Polimerlerin yapıları NMR ve FTIR spektroskopi ile aydınlatılmıştır. Son ürünlerin molekül ağırlıklarının belirlenmesinde GPC, termal özelliklerin belirlenmesinde TGA ve DSC kullanılmıştır. Reaksiyonlar hem katalizörlü hem de katalizörsüz gerçekleştirilmiş, veriler reaksiyon kinetiği yönünden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada polimerizasyon reaksiyonlarının izlenmesi için, yaş izosiyanat tayinine alternatif olarak FTIR ile kantitatif analiz yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Tüm verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucu, biyomedikal amaçlarla kullanılabilecek yağ bazlı poliüretanların kütle polimerizasyonu yöntemiyle katalizörsüz üretilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Polyurethanes have great importance as biomaterials because they are biocompatible and have very good mechanical properties. They can be used as catheters, heart-assist pumps and short term implants, hospital bedding, surgical drapes and wound dressing. Polyurethanes are generally produced from petroleum based polyols and isocyanates in the presence of catalyst using the solvent method. Catalyst and solvent have negative effects for using polymers as biomedical applications. The aim of this thesis is synthesis of oil-based polyurethanes in the absence of catalyst and solvent in order to obtain polymer in medical purity. Oil-based hydroxyl containing material was used as hydroxyl source. Toluene-2.4-diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate were used as isocyanate component. NMR and FTIR were used for structural characterization of polymers. GPC was used for determination of molecular weight. TGA and DSC were used for investigation of thermal properties. Additionally, the reaction kinetics was investigated by analytic method and FTIR measurements. Reaction kinetic was examined for catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions. The consumption of raw materials was monitored and the amount of isocyante in reaction mixture was determined by FTIR. After evaluation of the all obtained data, it was reached a conclusion that it is possible to synthesize polyurethanes in the absence of catalyst and solvent for biomedical applications.
Polyurethanes have great importance as biomaterials because they are biocompatible and have very good mechanical properties. They can be used as catheters, heart-assist pumps and short term implants, hospital bedding, surgical drapes and wound dressing. Polyurethanes are generally produced from petroleum based polyols and isocyanates in the presence of catalyst using the solvent method. Catalyst and solvent have negative effects for using polymers as biomedical applications. The aim of this thesis is synthesis of oil-based polyurethanes in the absence of catalyst and solvent in order to obtain polymer in medical purity. Oil-based hydroxyl containing material was used as hydroxyl source. Toluene-2.4-diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate were used as isocyanate component. NMR and FTIR were used for structural characterization of polymers. GPC was used for determination of molecular weight. TGA and DSC were used for investigation of thermal properties. Additionally, the reaction kinetics was investigated by analytic method and FTIR measurements. Reaction kinetic was examined for catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions. The consumption of raw materials was monitored and the amount of isocyante in reaction mixture was determined by FTIR. After evaluation of the all obtained data, it was reached a conclusion that it is possible to synthesize polyurethanes in the absence of catalyst and solvent for biomedical applications.
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Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2007
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2007
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İTÜ theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.
İTÜ theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.
Keywords
Poliüretan, Trigliserid yağ, Kütle polimerizasyonu, Biyopolimerler, Polyurethane, Triglyceride oil, Bulk polymerization, Biopolymers
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