Publication: Yemekhane Atıklarından Poli (l(+) Laktik Asit)’in Enzimatik Polimerizasyonu Ve Sentezlenen Polimerin Karakterizasyonu Ve Biyobozundurulması
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Kimya Mühendisliği
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
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Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
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Bu tez çalışmasında, yemekhane atıklarından fermantasyon yoluyla L(+) laktik asit üretilmiş ve fermentasyon prosesi optimize edilerek en yüksek konsantrasyonda laktik asit üretimine imkan veren koşullar tespit edilmiştir. L(+) laktik asit çözeltisi, Amberlit IRA 400 ve Dowex maraton WBA reçineleri kullanılarak iyon değişimi yöntemi ile fermantasyon ortamından saflaştırılmış ve optimum koşullar belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen L(+) laktik asitten katalizör kullanmaksızın doğrudan polikondenzasyon yöntemi ile düşük molekül ağırlıklı poli (L(+) laktik asit) sentezlenmiştir. Laktik asit, oligomer zincirinin katalitik olarak kırılması ve orijinal yapısındaki asit katalizörlüğünde siklik bir hal alması prensiplerine dayanarak dimer haline dönüştürülmüştür. Sentezlenen dimer ve fermantasyon sonucunda elde edilen laktik asit kullanılarak enzimatik polimerizasyon yöntemi ile yüksek molekül ağırlıklı poli(L(+) laktik asit) üretilmiştir. Bu yöntemde, Candida cylindracea lipaz, Candida antarctica lipaz ve Candida rugosa lipaz enzimleri kullanılmış ve enzim konsantrasyonu, sıcaklık ve süre gibi parametrelerin polimerizasyon mekanizmalarına etkileri ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Üretilen yüksek molekül ağırlıklı polimer farklı koşullar altında bozundurularak bozunma mekanizmaları irdelenmiştir.
In this thesis, L(+) lactic acid was produced from refectory wastes through fermentation process. Convenient conditions were optimized for the production of the highest lactic acid yield. L(+) lactic acid solution was purified from fermentation medium by ion exchange method using the Amberlit IRA 400 and Dowex maraton WBA resins. Optimum process conditions were also determined. Low molecular weight poly(L(+) lactic acid) was synthesized by uncatalyzed direct polycondensation reaction. Lactic acid was converted to cyclic dimmer according to the principles of the catalytic cleavege of oligomer chains. High molecular weight poly(L(+) lactic acid) was synthesized by enzymatic polymerization using the lactide and lactic acid obtained from the fermantation. Enzymatic polymerization was performed with Candida cylindracea lipase, Candida antarctica lipase and Candida rugosa lipase enzymes and the effect of enzyme concentration, temperature and time parameters on polymerization mechanisms were investigated in detail. High molecular weight polymer was degraded under different conditions. Then degradation mechanisms were examined.
In this thesis, L(+) lactic acid was produced from refectory wastes through fermentation process. Convenient conditions were optimized for the production of the highest lactic acid yield. L(+) lactic acid solution was purified from fermentation medium by ion exchange method using the Amberlit IRA 400 and Dowex maraton WBA resins. Optimum process conditions were also determined. Low molecular weight poly(L(+) lactic acid) was synthesized by uncatalyzed direct polycondensation reaction. Lactic acid was converted to cyclic dimmer according to the principles of the catalytic cleavege of oligomer chains. High molecular weight poly(L(+) lactic acid) was synthesized by enzymatic polymerization using the lactide and lactic acid obtained from the fermantation. Enzymatic polymerization was performed with Candida cylindracea lipase, Candida antarctica lipase and Candida rugosa lipase enzymes and the effect of enzyme concentration, temperature and time parameters on polymerization mechanisms were investigated in detail. High molecular weight polymer was degraded under different conditions. Then degradation mechanisms were examined.
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Tez (Doktora) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2010
Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2010
Thesis (PhD) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2010
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İTÜ tezleri telif hakkı ile korunmaktadır. Bunlar, bu kaynak üzerinden herhangi bir amaçla görüntülenebilir, ancak yazılı izin alınmadan herhangi bir biçimde yeniden oluşturulması veya dağıtılması yasaklanmıştır.
İTÜ theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.
İTÜ theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.
Keywords
fermantasyon, iyon değişimi, enzimatik polimerizasyon, biyobozunma, fermantation, ion exchange, enzymatic polymerization, biodegradation
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