Publication: Tekne Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Sınır Tabaka Ve Gemi Direncine Etkisi
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Gemi İnşaatı Mühendisliği
Naval Architecture
Naval Architecture
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Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Institute of Science and Technology
Institute of Science and Technology
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Tekne yüzey pürüzlülüğünün geminin performansı üzerinde negatif bir etki yarattığı ilk denizcilik faliyetlerinden beri bilinen bir gerçektir. Tekne yüzeyi pürüzlendikçe, geminin toplam viskoz direnci (sürtünme direnci+viskoz basınç direnci) artmaktadır. Aynı şekilde pürüzlülük pervane üzerinde de direnci artırıcı etki yapar. Sınır tabaka için de pürüzlülük etkisi önemlidir. Bu tezde tekne yüzey pürüzlülüğünün gemi direncine etkisi 2 yolla incelenmiştir: deneysel çalışma ve Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD) çalışması. Deneysel çalışmada yüzey pürüzlülük özellikleri birbirinden farklı olan, 4‘ü farklı tip boyalar ile boyanmış 1 tanesi de referans olması için boyanmadan bırakılmış, bunun dışında tüm geometrik özellikleri aynı olan 5 adet alüminyum levhanın 0.5 m/s ile 3.75 m/s civarındaki 9 farklı hızda direnç deneyleri yapılmıştır. Direnç deneyleri ile levhalara belli hızlarda etkiyen toplam direnç değerleri belirlenmiştir. Levhaların dalga dirençleri akış çözücü (ITU Dawson) programı ile levhanın ıslak yüzeyi ve serbest su yüzeyi panellenip sabit şiddette kaynak/kuyu dağıtımı yapılarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonrasında levhalara etkiyen viskoz direnç, sürtünme direnci, artık direnç katsayıları hesaplanmış ve karşılaştırılmıştır. HAD çalışmasında STARCCM+ programında deneysel çalışma modellenerek, deney ile hesaplanan 5 tane farklı yüzey pürüzlülüğüne sahip levhanın 9 farklı hız için toplam direnç değerleri bilgisayar ortamında elde edilmiştir. Son olarak tüm sonuçlar grafik ve çizelge ile verilerek ayrıntılı olarak tartışılmıştır.
Negative effect of roughness on ship performance has been known since the first seafaring activities. Viscous resistance of the ship (friction resistance + viscous pressure resistance) increases as hull surface roughens. Roughness increases ship resistance and reduces service speed. Roughness has a negative effect on propeller also. As propeller surface roughness increases, propulsion efficiency of the ship decreases. In addition, surface roughness plays an important role on boundary layer. In experimental part, resistance experiments of five aluminum plates were carried out. Plates had the same geometrical particulars but different surface roughness characteristics. Four of the plates were coated with different antifouling coatings and one of the plates was left uncoated as the reference plate. Resistance experiments were carried out in the towing tank of Ata Nutku Ship Model Testing Laboratory for a range of towing speed 0.5 m/s to 3.75 m/s. Total resistance of the plates corresponding speeds were measured. The flow solver (ITU-Dawson) employed in the thesis that calculates the wave resistance by distributing panels on the wetted surface of the plate and on the free surface on which a constant-strength source/sink distribution is made. After that, the viscous, frictional and residuary resistance coefficients are calculated. CFD analyses of the model resistance experiments were carried out for 5 different plates and 9 different speeds. Numerical study was carried out by using STAR-CCM+ Computational Fluid Dynamics program. Finally all of the results are given with tables and graphs to discuss in detail.
Negative effect of roughness on ship performance has been known since the first seafaring activities. Viscous resistance of the ship (friction resistance + viscous pressure resistance) increases as hull surface roughens. Roughness increases ship resistance and reduces service speed. Roughness has a negative effect on propeller also. As propeller surface roughness increases, propulsion efficiency of the ship decreases. In addition, surface roughness plays an important role on boundary layer. In experimental part, resistance experiments of five aluminum plates were carried out. Plates had the same geometrical particulars but different surface roughness characteristics. Four of the plates were coated with different antifouling coatings and one of the plates was left uncoated as the reference plate. Resistance experiments were carried out in the towing tank of Ata Nutku Ship Model Testing Laboratory for a range of towing speed 0.5 m/s to 3.75 m/s. Total resistance of the plates corresponding speeds were measured. The flow solver (ITU-Dawson) employed in the thesis that calculates the wave resistance by distributing panels on the wetted surface of the plate and on the free surface on which a constant-strength source/sink distribution is made. After that, the viscous, frictional and residuary resistance coefficients are calculated. CFD analyses of the model resistance experiments were carried out for 5 different plates and 9 different speeds. Numerical study was carried out by using STAR-CCM+ Computational Fluid Dynamics program. Finally all of the results are given with tables and graphs to discuss in detail.
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Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2012
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2012
Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2012
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İTÜ theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission.
Keywords
Tekne Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü, Gemi Direnci, Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği, Direnç Deneyi., Hull Surface Roughness, Ship Resistance, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Resistance Experiments.
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