A new voltage-mode universal filter based on a lossy inductor simulation

Abstract

A new voltage-mode universal active filter employing only two CCII+s and a minimum number of capacitors is proposed. The active and passive sensitivities are lower than unity and not dependent on the quality factor Q. The use of only CCII+s simplifies the configuration. Dynamic range of the filter is studied and a simple formula is derived for input signal amplitude not causing clipping problems for the proposed bandpass filter. Simulated results verifying the theoretical approaches are also included.