LEE- Mimari Tasarım Lisansüstü Programı

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http://hdl.handle.net/11527/19391

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  • Öge
    Biophilic design efficiency on humans' well-being in daily life with an atmospheric approach
    (Graduate School, 2021-12-06) Bayatmaku, Shaghayegh ; 502181029 ; Architectural Design ; Mimari Tasarım
    According to studies on the human-nature relationship, it was revealed that urbanization and urban transformation projects failed to protect and enrich natural elements in their designs. Instead, building construction grew significantly for more financial benefit. Therefore, people who lived in the buildings, which were themselves a part of nature and humans directly related to nature, became isolated in buildings with fewer signs of natural elements. This study aims to reveal how people compensate for the lack of nature in capitals and investigates humans' well-being in their preferred places. In fact, what puts a space in a way that can make us feel calm is the potential in space to experience with all of the five senses and not just the vision, which gives us the entire presence at the present moment in the space that is known as the source of calmness. Having such space is not possible with a place that is merely a physical entity, unlike it needs an attempt to improve the atmosphere of the place. Studies about nature turned out that the atmosphere of nature is an ideal one that has been experienced and tested by humans and resulted in calmness. Thus, to approach the thesis aim, a literature review was gathered that consists of several studies on "Biophilic Architecture" and "Atmosphere of the Place," which make an effort to define an architectural design framework that affects human experience pleasantly in daily life. These studies represent a framework that gives humans a multisensory experience that enables them to feel the entire presence at the present moment in space. This experience results in human well-being in terms of physical, psychological, and mental. Besides, it addresses the main questions of "What is the efficiency of biophilic design with an atmospheric approach on humans' well-being in their preferred spaces in daily life?" and "What is the correlation and intersection between biophilic design patterns and atmosphere optimization factors?" that have some sub-questions. These sub-questions include "What are Peter Zumthor's atmospheric patterns?", "Which atmospheric and biophilic patterns are used in people's preferred places in daily life?", "What is the relationship between people's biophilia measure and the preferred places?" and "Which patterns could result in humans' presence at the present moment in the preferred places?". This study is qualitative and quantitative and tries to provide answers to the questions by phenomenological content analysis, researcher triangulation using focus group discussion, and questionnaire. It embraces a phenomenological content analysis of Peter Zumthor's "Thinking Architecture" book to clarify the factors optimizing the atmosphere of a place. It tries to expose the correlation and intersection between them and biophilic design patterns to highlight the most critical factors. A researcher triangulation using focus group discussion was conducted with three senior architects working in this field to prove the validity of the content analysis and the found patterns. According to the findings, a questionnaire was designed and asked from 132 Iranian architects (25-40 years old) to prove the factors and express their efficiency in people's daily lives and their preferred places' design. The most efficient patterns extracted from the questionnaire are compared with the found patterns in the previous steps' results to prove them. Furthermore, the questionnaire asked about participants' Biophilia measure (affinity toward nature), their well-being in their preferred places, the function of the place, participants' satisfaction of the places, and their preferred places' architectural characteristics in terms of biophilic design patterns and found atmospheric factors. There were some questions about participants' feelings in their preferred places and their relationship with the place, such as the "Sense of belonging" level to investigate the relationship between these items with the considered biophilic and atmospheric patterns and the "Presence at the present moment" level. So, this research aimed to obtain findings related to the crucial impact of "Biophilic design" and the "atmosphere of the place" on human well-being. According to existing literature and participants' responses, it exposes the correlation and intersection between biophilic design patterns and atmosphere optimization factors to highlight the most critical factors to have the experience of "Presence at the present moment." Finally, it suggests several patterns to have a biophilic atmosphere in humans' preferred places that make people healthy and well in their daily lives.