LEE- Mimari Tasarım Lisansüstü Programı
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Yazar "Özkar Kabakçıoğlu, Mine" ile LEE- Mimari Tasarım Lisansüstü Programı'a göz atma
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ÖgeA visual method of analysis for user modifications in Climat de France(Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2020) Rezoug, Amina ; Özkar Kabakçıoğlu, Mine ; 652794 ; Mimarlık Ana Bilim DalıArchitecture is first shaped in relation to certain intentions and motivations of the designer and then appropriated by the user according to the needs and practices. This thesis proposes a visual computational methodology for analysing residents' modifications in the modernist mass housing project of Climat de France. It inquires into the user context of its inhabitants and the design context of the architect and authorities' intentions. The problem of modern housing has been a demanding issue in architecture since the industrial revolution. Modern architecture addressed this problem with mass housing, to provide access to hygiene and functional dwelling. This modernisation disseminated around the world with the idea of universal human needs, however, it was European ideas that disseminated and left little for plurality and diversity. European colonies in Africa were seen as vast lands to explore the modernist housing experiment and test its extents regardless of the different cultures, geographies and climates. A global movement of modernist functionalism was adapted to implement the idealized dwelling. Algeria, an important colony of France had been introduced to modernist housing through a program called "the housing battle" during the last years of the French occupation. Mass housing projects known as the grand ensembles were not only implemented as ideological tools to modernize the Muslim local population but also as political tools to repress the growing resistance against colonialism. This dissertation focuses on Climat de France, a monumental modernist project constructed within the housing battle program that has been the background of many conflicts and transformations since its realisation. Originally built as evolutif housing, this project offers very tight layouts with minimal fittings that fall short to satisfy the basic needs of the crowded Algerian families. Climat de France as many other projects implemented in the same period have been transformed by its residents during the years in order to adapt the space to their needs and lifestyles. The inadequate living conditions in the grand ensembles that are still inhabited by their first residents have been a persuading social issue in the Algerian agenda and demolishing certain settlements was adopted as a solution by the local authorities. This dissertation offers a visual and computational analysis of the residents' modifications in Climat de France in order to expose the use of space and its temporality in relation to the socio-cultural factors of its users. Climat de France is an important case besides its architectural value as a colonial modernist project, with all the residents' modifications it holds additional value as an inhabited space. It showcases an important example of how design intentions have been invalidated by the residents in their use of space and making it their own. Home making is an extensive field of study in social science, I refer to this literature in order to ground residents' modifications with the concepts of self expression and making oneself home. I distinguish the design context and the user context in order to identify the duality of Climat de France and explore their interrelation in shaping each other. Iintroduce the user context in order to understand the use of space and the temporality of domestic spaces as manifested in residents' modifications. There is much to learn from the continuity and discontinuity of the socio-cultural acts and idealized forms, especially from the point of view of sustainable environments and reuse of the existing structures. In the case of reuse and renovation of the existing ensembles, the user context holds an important potential that should not be disregarded. The exploration of residents' modifications and their space making patterns does not only help us understand the temporality of inhabited spaces but also holds the potential to develop new perspectives and methodologies for renovating the existing architectural heritage in relation with the user context. As methodology, a visual computational approach is adopted in documenting and analysing the residents' modifications. Grounded on anthropological field research, the documented residents' modifications are abstracted into two-dimensional drawings enhanced with textual labels that specify their context and reason of use. The highly modified façades that are the subject of this dissertation showcase a variety of modifications realised by the residents through different periods of time, reflecting different temporalities. Each modification on the South-West façade is documented and fragmented into visual rules of its making process. Visual rules of different dwelling activities are introduced and identified on the façade in order to achieve a holistic picture of residents' modifications. Further, the visual rules for each apartment and their corresponding textual labels have been analyzed and compared for the whole façade in order to interpret the embodied experience behind residents' modifications beyond their formal properties. The analysis reflects the building deficiencies residents endure and how they address them individually or collectively with the limited resources they have. The dissertation offers two main contributions: firstly, the formal method that enhances visual rules with socio-cultural information, and secondly, a visual computational approach anthropological field research to increase its capacity and extend its impact in field research. A future automation of the proposed methodology can contribute to establish a descriptive theory of space use and residents' space making within existing buildings. The formal representation of the user context can bridge the gap between the idealized design forms and the inhabited spaces.